December,1955
Contents
THE MASTER’S MARK Sky and Astronomy
Blueprint for Service Freemasonry and Our Personal Deity
Chat and Comment The Hiramic Legend
The Spirit of Leadership Preparing the Foundation
HOURS OF INITIATION Oregon Military Lodge UD
A MASONIC CARPET MASONIC ENTHUSIASM
Between the Book Ends Executive Committee Announces Contest
A Sprig of Acacia The Lost Word and Reality
Welcome to New Members Masonry's Greatest Lesson
Suggested Procedure
For Masonic Study
The Master placed His Mark upon the stone
when in His sight its merits had been shown.
The Master placed His mark upon the heart
When true devotion fashioned it aprt.
The Master placed His mark upon the soul
When oure white light coposed its flaming scroll.
The Master drew His mark from heaven above
For His eternal mark is God’s own love
Milford E. Shields, M.P.S.
Volume VIII December, 1955
Number 6
Published bimonthly at Franklin, Indiana
lay
THE PHILALETHES SOCIETY,
JOHN BLACK VROOMAN, F.P.S.
Edttor
P.O. Box 402, St. Louis, Mo.
ALPHONSE CERZA, President, 130 Akenside Road, Riverside, Illinois.
ARTHUR H. TRIGGS, 1 st V.P., 2117 Funston Place, Oakland 2, California
ELBERT BEDE, 2nd V. P., Woodlark Building, Portland, Oregon.
LAWTON E. MEYER, Ex. Sec., P. O. Box 402, St. Louis, Missouri.
JOHN BLACK VROOMAN, Treas. and Editor, P. O. Box 402, St. Louis, Missouri.
PUBLICATION COMMITTEE
A.L. WOODY, F.P.S., 3502 Wesley Avenue, Berwyn, Illinois.
EDWARD J. FRANTA, F.P.S. Langdon, North Dakota.
DR. WILLIAM MOSELEY BROWNS F.P.S. P.O. Box 2,6, Elon College, North Carolina.
By Albert Woody, F.P.S.
Chairman, Publications Committee, and Guest Editor
Prominent in the winter sky the great Orion, largest and most spectacular of the constellations, relentessly pursues his quest. Betelgeuse, Bellatrix, Rigel, and Saiph, and the Three Kings are not only incredible distances apart but they are also at various vast distances from our earth. Yet to our eyes they present a plane figure with a definite identity established in antiquity and enduring throughout time.
Members of the Philalethes Society reside in all parts of the globe and, except for The Philalethes, official publication of the society, would, in the words of the Ancient Charges, "remain at a perpetual distance" from each other.
Those who contribute to The Philalethes, however distant apart, may each be recognized as a star in a well defined constellation. We can distinguish the ritualists, the symbolists, the historians, the legalists, the philosophers, the poets, and many others; and these direct our attention to those bright stars which, like those in Orion, will shine throughout the ages.
Yet what a forlorn sight the great Orion would be if he stood alone in the heavens! His part on the stage of eternity is played before that spangled back-drop, the myriad hosts of heaven - those "patient stars, who climb each night the ancient sky."
Each member of the Philalethes Society is a star in this firmament, and whether or not identified with a constellation, plays an important part in the well-being, the growth, and the progress of the Society. Upon our general membership we depend for news items, suggestions, and constructive criticism. Assured of these we can endure - even to the latest ages.
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Merry Christmas and Happy NEW Year
"God Bless Us, Everyone"
Charles Dickens - "A Christmas Carol"
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By the Editor
MASONIC HISTORY and SUGGESTIONS FOR MASONIC STUDY
These seem to be the items of most interest to our readers, according to a poll taken by questionnaire sent out a month ago.
There has been a definite interest in the magazine, and the replies have been both constructive and helpful in many ways. Nearly a hundred postcards were returned, and many of our readers also wrote personal letters in which they incorporated some suggestions, either as to subject-matter, contents, mechanical suggestions, or other items that are helpful in planning the future of the magazine. To all these fine Brethren we are most grateful.
There is much yet to be done. We do not feel at all jubilant or boastful. Thus far we have made a fair start in the right direction, but in all sincerity, there is a long, hard road to be traveled before we can relax our efforts. We have only scratched the surface, and we need the assistance of every Mason who can help us make this a better organ by which to carry a message of service and information.
As stated, Masonic history Masonic study methods, symbolism, ethics, jurisprudence, biography and philosophy, in that order, have been indicated as the choice of material liked best by our readers .
To the question, "What article in The Philalethes did you like?" two ran neck and neck for highest honors. "Lay That Gavel Down," by Brother Cecil H. Ellis, and both the vigilantes articles, being by Brother W. A. Thaanum and Brother M. J. Greeley respectively. Other articles that stood high on the list were "The Light Shineth," by E. E. Hedblom, F. P. S., "Irish Masonic Customs," by Norman Dutt, "From Two to Three Degrees," by Everett Turnbull.
Several articles shared in being not liked too well.
What then? How are we going to be able to make this material new and interesting? It is not just enough to have articles of this sort. They must be both interesting and informative; they must have new and little-known subject matter, and most of all, they must be of such a nature that they will stimulate the thinking of those who read them.
Within the past two years the Philalethes Society has grown by leaps and bounds. We are proud, both of the number and high character of our membership. The best Masons and the best minds are affiliated with us. But we need many more, that we may do the task assigned to us in a better, more forceful way. We need to enlist more militant Masons to carry on our work of imparting more Light to Masons who seek such Light.
Commenting briefly on some of the suggestions that have come to us, one of the best was that of Brother Victor L. Jones, M.P.S., who asks, "Is the average member of our Society in the autumn or winter of life? Does he have lots of time, or does the average find the younger man leading busy, active lives, with little time for reading or study ? These two questions lead me to think that perhaps our older members should write of their research and experience for the benefit of the younger man .... Perhaps the article inside the cover should be short and to the point. Suggest the writers practice writing telegrams so as to say plenty in a few sentences .... too many words scare away some readers."
Robert H. Nisbet, M.P.S., writes, "Let's confine ourselves to Craft Masonry, never mind the 'sideshows' ......
From John Vanderwood comes the following comment: "Though I may not be deeply interested in a particular phase of Masonry, someone else is, or it would not and enjoy, evaluate and sift. This one must do, because all Masonry does not go to the same depth .... someone will find a thread here, and weave and weave some more."
Carl H. Claudy, F.P.S. says, "Answering your question as to what I would like to see more of in the magazine, cut down the evangelical, the religious, the inspirational, and give us more fact stories, history and intelligent interpretation of symbols."
It seems that each one who wrote in, was sincerely aware of the task ahead of us to create a dignified, informational organ of contact for our Society. It is possible to do this only when every one of the parts of the organization work together.
What then, can we expect of the future?
Let us counter-pose the question, what could be done for the Society with a membership of One Thousand!!!
First, the fellowship existing beteen the Masons so associated together would be of the highest and most brilliant type. It would compose the very top-flight Masons, the best minds, the best of leadship.
The Philalethes magazine, with the impetus of such a group from which to draw for material, could produce material that would stand out as the best Masonic literature possible to be found. Variety and quality; information and organization - all these would be banded together for the establishment of the cause of Freemasonry.
It is possible to get this membership. It can be done by the old-fashioned Methodist evangelism of each Brother getting another Brother; each member contacting another prospective member. Enthusiasm for the sale, and a knowledge of the product combined with a product which is of the highest and best quality all combine to make the Philalethes Society an honor that can and should be coveted by every Mason with whom it comes in contact.
The first effort has been made. It is now the bounden duty of every member of the Society to get at least one new member who will contribute Light and service to Freemasonry through the medium of the Philalethes Society - that Society which has "More Light to impart to those who seek more Light."
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Freemasonry and Our Personal Deity
By Bro. Louis le Grange, M.P.S.
Transvaal, South Africa
"The mind of the flesh is death, but the mind of the spirit is life and peace."
Romans 8: 6
"The work of the Church ends where the knowledge of God begins."
- C. Patmore
It is not intended to trace religion back through the ages, but to commence with A.D. 1 and follow the trend of religion, very shortly, since the birth of Christ.
The lessons which He taught and the picture which He presented to His followers, through his extensive travels always ended on the sweet and musical note "love" and "forgiveness."
This was synonymous with His unselfish, divine mission and earth-life.
The history of His short earthlife and its tragic ending at Calvary left an indelible mark which neither time nor tide will ever efface.
He possessed the qualities of majestic power, regal stateliness and invincible supremacy over those around Him and was surrounded by, and enveloped in an aura of etheric essence and vibrating Holy Presence.
He had a musical voice, softer than silence, yet it penetrated, vibrated and strangely affected those with whom he came in contact.
He possessed herculean strength but his greatest and most magnetic power was in his God-like features and those eyes which shone at times with luminous and lightning glory and at times with infinite tenderness and fathomless compassion.
His face was like a glittering rainbow, radiant with heavenly splender yet for all this He was meek and humble and the abode of the poor, the sick and the sinners was His stargirdled throne.
On this pure granite the Christian Church was founded.
Christ was despised because He preached and lived love in contrast to the then prevailing form of worship to a hating world, and the world around him, and particularly those intimately connected with the church, or temple, were not prepared to accept the doctrine of brotherly love, relief and truth. These teachings were resented by the Ecclesiasts, Religionists and the upper class of that time.
If there was no religion or form of worship in the world there would be unthinkable and indescrible chaos and the reign of the jungle - even today "the survival of the strongest" would prevail.
Through Christ, The Light of the World, one Church was established on His simple statement "I am the way."
Aeons past a Voice from the void said to Moses at the Burning Bush "I am." The Son of God added two words "The Way" an emanation from The Source.
What has happened and become of this Church!
It has turned into an amazing bedlam of sectionalism, dogmatic beliefs, different sects, cults, creeds and hundreds of religious forms of worship and man-poor man - is again faced with, and in the throes and turmoil of demagogic rule and church leaders who, under the guise of ministers of God, preach hatred from the pulpit and warn members of their own particular denomination against the false and diabolic doctrines and perversion spread and taught by other sects and creeds.
The Church has turned against itself and numberless mushroom sects have arisen causing more division and less unification.
The reason is simply that the Church remains, but the Spirit of the Ministering One has departed and those lovely teachings "Love thy neighbor as thyself" and the beatitude "God is Love" exist hardly anymore, anywhere.
Since then, as vultures revenous with creed.
We oft have battled for an empty name.
And sought by dogma, edict, cult or creed,
To send each other to the quenchless flame.
A house divided against itself shall fall and shall not last.
If the Church is divided and there is internal distention how can it be a source of succour and support in the hour of man's trials and afflictions? Think of the slaughter and massacre of the Huguenots in France on St. Bartholomew's night on 24th August, 1572. Think of the Inquisition, the stake and the scourge. Think of the abominable torture in the name of Christ and the Church!
Oh! what blatant hypocricy! What vulgar fallacy!
We look upon the Deity as a human-conceived earth-God because we are encased in dense physical bodies, seeing and thinking with physical eyes and senses. We have lost contact with the astral, etheric and spiritual sphere. We have wandered from "The Way," the True and Living God Most High, the I Am, the Alpha and Omega, the Supreme Creative Heirarchy, the Infinite, the Unbounded Whole, the Boundless Immensity, The Omniscient, Omnipotent, Omnipresent, the Universal Love.
His pure sweet love is not confined
By creeds which segregate and raise a wall.
His love enfolds, embraces human kind,
No matter what ourselves or Him we call.
The high principles and the foundation on which the Church is established must be restored, it must not be allowed to slide and descend. It should show "The Way," it should feed the seeker after salvation on heavenly manna, spiritual nourishment for the soul.
And all things that are mine are thine, and thine are mine; and I am glorified in them. - John 17:10.
Then why not take at His word?
Why hold to creeds which tear apart ?
But one thing matters, be it heard,
That brotherly love fill every heart.
Watchmen what of the night!
Brethren what of Freemasonry!
We are told that Freemasonry is a progressive science. It is. This is how the sincere and genuine Freemason advances in our noble science.
As a neophyte he takes a keen interest in the teachings and exhortations and starts a close outside and inside (exoteric and esoteric) self analysis. He tries to live a cleaner, better life. In this he is supported by Jacob's mystic ladder and as he advances, guidance and direction come from within. He learns to hold the scale of justice with an equal balance. The "self" retires into the back ground and the "neighbour" receives respect and relief.
He is moderate in his needs and demands and keeps all pleasure within the bounds and compass of dignity and decorum. He becomes an object of attraction and relationship between family, friend and foe improves to such an extent that foe becomes friend, and the number of friends increases by the year. When he has ascended the summit of the Mystic Ladder his feet rest firmly on the staves of faith, hope and charity. The Masonic term "brotherly love, relief and truth" is unveiled to his view and he lives it.
He has found Light and Knowledge and the light in him brightens the lives of his fellowmen. The teachings of Freemasonry, when practiced, become a living thing, a point within a center and the circumference of the circle extends and will extend until "peace on earth and goodwill to all men" is realized. The mystic teachings and lessons must, be studied and the principles on which the Order is founded must be practised.
And this is, by the Grace of God and the assistance of Freemasonry, My Joyous Experience.
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News, achievements and items of interest about our Fellows and Members - Discussion and comment on Mutual Topics.
- Pfan Mail and Observations -
Brother Louis LeGrand, M.P.S., (South Africa), writes, "I was both struck and amused by your leader in the August magazine under the caption "What of Freemasonry Today?" 'Writing to our members and asking them to write for our magazine brings some very fine material. Writing the same Brethren a second time, asking for more of the same, the answer is "why should I write anything when no one seenls to read it?" . . .
"The following reasons are advanced why Brethren should feel proud and honoured to contribute when approached by the Editor. If their first attempt was not a success the Editor would not ask them for a second contribution. The magazine . . . is published for and caters to two types of members, those who seek light and knowledge and those who have light and knowledge to impart. Membership in the Philalethes Society is by invitation only. Is that not an honour? If only the cream of Freemasonry (hear! hear!) is good enough to become members, can there be many or any who are not keen to improve their minds and knowledge. To those contributors who maintain their articles are not read and appreciated, I say shame. I am a member, not because I have knowledge to impart, but because I lack, and how will I gain knowledge if I am not guided by others?
"Those others are your contributors and I say without flattery, but the magazine is one of the finest Masonic publications that I have come across, and I come across a good few . . . to these who hesitate I would say, 'my dear Fellow-member write even if it is only for my sake and those many others who think as I do. To please everyone is beyond the power of any man but if only a few have been pleased to read your articles you have been amply rewarded.' " Thank you, Brother LeGrange.
Brother Norman C. Dutt, M.P.S., is confined to the hospital for a short time. Letters can be addressed to him: NORMAN C. DUTT, Ward 61-A, U.S. Naval Hospital. Oakland 4, Calif.
As reported in The New Age, Dr. Robert S. Barrett, S.G.I.G. in Virginia, presented A. Douglas Smith, Jr., M.P.S. with a check for $1,000 to be used at the discretion of "Dad" Smith, the Active Member of International DeMolay, for the advancement of the Order. M.W. Brother Smith has been a DeMolay leader for many years. Keep up the fine work, Brother Doug.
It is good to know that Brother H. L. Haywood, F.P.S. (Life) is again associated with the Iowa Masonic Library.
Milton T. Sonntag, M.P.S., was elected and installed as Grand Master of the M.W. Grand Lodge, A.F.&A.M. of Illinois at the annual communication of that body in early October. Most hearty congratulations to M.W. Brother Sonntag.
In October the Masonic Service Association issued another of its Digests, this being "Historical Parallels," by Alphonse Cerza, F.P.S., president of the Philalethes Society. This gives a parallel between Masonic events and general history, and will be valuable for the historian.
Albert L. Woody, F.P.S., and chairman of the Committee on Publication of the Society, together with Brother Alphonse Cerza, president of the Society, have again been appointed as members of the Committee on Masonic Information of the M.W. Grand Lodge A.F.&A.M. of Illinois. Both have been working with the committee since its inception several years ago.
Again our president, Brother Al Cerza, F.P.S., did an outstanding job as Anniversary Chairman for the One Hundredth Anniversary of Waubansia Lodge No. 160, Chicago. The features of the anniversary banquet and meeting, as reported by some who attended, was that of the thousand persons present, only three or four of the dignitaries were called on for speeches, the rest being entertainment of other sorts.
Dr. John C. Hubbard. F.P.S., and Mrs. Hubbard, Cecil Ellis, M.P.S., Sam Dappan, M.P.S., A. L. Woody, F.P.S., and Otto Fischmann, M.P.S., were among those in attendance.
Roscoe Pound, F.P.S., is cited in the News-Letter, the official organ of the Scottish Rite, Supreme Council, Northern Jurisdiction, as being the recipient of the William Volker Distinguished Service Award for his achievements in jurisprudence, scholarship and public service. The award carries a cash award of $15,000 which Dr. Pound expects to use by returning to Harvard Law School, of which he is Dean, to continue writing in his special field. It is with much pride that we congratulate Brother Pound.
Evanston Temple Topics, Evanston, Illinois, reports that Alvin L. Crump, M.P.S., was honored by being placed in the official line of the Grand Commandery, Knights Templar of Illinois, in the station of Eminent Grand Warder. We are happy to add our felicitations to Brother Crump.
A recent issue of The Masonic World (edited by James Fairbairn Smith, F.P.S.), Detroit, Michigan, shows a picture of Walter J. Eichhorn, M.P.S., High Priest of Pillar Chapter No. 181, R.A.M., being congratulated on his work by the Grand High Priest of the Grand Chapter, R.A.M. of Michigan, M.E. Companion Penn F. Naylor. Good work, Brother Eichhorn.
Brother Robert Glenn Cole, M.P.S., writes us, "In his interesting article on Lodge Le Progres de l'Oceanie, Honolulu, in the October Philalethes, Brother Norman C. Dutt mentions that King Kalakaua was the second king to serve this Lodge in the East. Some additional information of the king's Masonic activities might be of interest.
"In 1874 the king made a tour of the United States. He was accompanied by two of his governors and suite and by Commander Whiting and Lieut. Tatten of the U. S. Navy, appointed by the United States government as his escort.
"In his tour of the East, King Kalakaua visited Lodges in Washington, New York and Boston. On January 15,1875, he visited Oriental Lodge in Chicago and witnessed the conferral of the third degree on Brother John A. Lyndon... "Invitations had been extended . . . but when news of the meeting became known . . . it became necessary to close the doors . . . were the speeches of prominent Masons . . . "Long John" Wentworth, former Mayor of Chicago . . . afterwards the king entertained the officers of the Lodge . . . thus completing a memorable evening for Chicago Masonry ..."
Philip H. Coad, F.P.S., has been cited in the News-Letter Supreme Council, A.A.S.R. Northern Jurisdiction, for his election as Very Eminent Preceptor, Holy Royal Arch, Knight Templar Priest, Prince of Peace Tabernacle No. 10, Cleveland, and for his appointment as foreman of the Cuyahoga County (Ohio) Grand Jury, and as Commander-in-Chief of Lake Erie Consistory, at Cleveland. We are all happy to learn of the activites of our eminent Brother.
One of our new members, Brother Tom Pack, Portsmouth, England, writes, "Many of the Brethren in Portsmouth to whom I mentioned the Society were very curious and want to know more about it. Whether there will be any recruits it is difficult to say, but at least your Society will not lack advertisement." May we add, that every good Brother who talks about the Society and its work is advertising not only the Society itself, but is making it possible to reach out and interest those who are in sympathy with its work.
Milton Sonntag, M.P.S., newly elected Grand Master of Masons in Illinois, was honored at his own Lodge, Plainfield Lodge No. 536, Plainfield, Tuesday, October 11, at the Plainfield High School auditorium.
Grand Lodge officers and members were present from all parts of Illinois, in addition to which M.W. Bro. Newell Lamb, Past Grand Master of Indiana, presented the good wishes of his Grand Lodge.
Till next time, readers, and just keep on sending your ideas and thoughts, everything that is received is helping us produce a better medium by which to carry on our work.
THE EDITOR
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A "Masterpiece"
by George S. Draffen. F.P.S., Scotland
The Hiramic Legend - as expounded in one of the most popular rituals used in Scotland (Scotland has no official authorized Standard Work) - indicates that the Master Secret could only be transmitted "with the consent and in the presence of all three." There is more in this prhase than might be apparent at the first hearing. One can understand the desirability, if not the necessity, of all three parties consenting to its transmission, but why should the physical presence of all three be essential? It we accept, purely for the sake of discussion, the Hiramic Legend as being founded on fact, then this phrase which I have quoted may well contain within it a clue as to what that Master Secret may be. There is, of course, a purely esoteric answer. But may there not be also a practical answer?
In King Solomon's time the Hebrews were in no position to erect a large mechanical structure. They were by upbringing agriculturists and not city dwellers. Any buildings which they built were probably strictly utilitarian and served only to provide them with some rude shelter from the elements. Little wonder then that King Solomon had recourse to a man of another nation to provide that skill for which the erection of the Temple of Jerusalem would call.
In the construction of the Temple the three chief persons were Solomon (who provided the money), Hiram of Tyre (who provided much of the material) and Hiram Abiff ( who provided the knowledge and skill). We are told in the V.S.L. that the temple was constructed without sound of hammer or chisel. If this statement is true it infers great-very great-accuracy in the measuring instruments used. Stones quarried at a distance from the building site would require to be cut with an accuracy sufficient to permit them to be placed in position without further working. In short, the whole stonework would have to be wrought with almost hair-breadth correctness.
Apart from measures indicating length, which could
be easily checked by being laid alongside a "Master Length," the tool whose
correctness was vital was the square. This tool, too, was more easily damaged
than a rule and cannot be accurately checked and re-aligned by comparison
with a "Master Square." It can, however, be easily checked by one who is
skilled in the Science of Geometry. There are two well known methods of
geometrically checking the corrections on an angle of 90d.
The first method is first to draw a circle. Then draw a line passing through the center and cutting the circumference at either side of the center. In other words divide the circle into two equal sectors. Now, take any point on the circumference and mark it. From that marked point draw two more lines, one to each of the points where the dividing line cuts the circumference. The angle on the circumference will be exactly 90 degrees provided always that the line dividing the circumference passes exactly through the center of the circle. "A center is a point within a circle from which a Master Mason cannot err." This method of proving the accuracy of a right angle is one that can be carried out by one person alone - thus it does not fit our ritual requirement "in the presence of all three."
A second method depends upon Pythagoras' Theorem (expressed algebraically as a^2 = b^2 + c^2). If each of the three Chiefs had a Wand or Rod of Office, and if these rods were, in length, 3 units, 4 units, and 5 units, then by placing them on the ground they would obtain a right angled triangle. Simple, effective, easy to remember, but only possible if all three were present in person. This method fulfils the requirement of the Scottish Craft ritual and provides interesting ground for speculation.
This "theory" of mine does not establish the genuineness of the Hiramic Legend. Far from it, for it seems to me quite probable that the phrases I have quoted were written with the legend in mind. The detective-story writer has an easier task than one might think. He can put his clues where he will, for he knows the solution. Similarly these "clues" may well have been "planted" to provide just such a solution as I have suggested. The origin of the Hiramic Lgend still remains unsolved, but it is interesting to reflect that, if it were true, the solution I have offered is at least geometrically possible.
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By J. E. SWIFT TEAL, M.P.S.
For scores of newly elected worthy Brethren, the annual elections means the goal of years of aspiration and service. Some of them come to the end of the journey a bit travel-wern as they recall the long "line" which moved forward with irritating slowness. In Lodges which limit the "line" to three or five top posltions the officers will have had adequate experience, which is of vital importance. And all these newly elected presiding officers rejoice that they have arrived!
These new presiding officers, heads of Lodges, are now on their own as responsible leaders. They may and should ask counsel from experienced past officers but will be their own masters - guarding the heritage of tradition, ambitious to exemplify ritual as well, if not better, than ever before in their respective Lodges, planning with their associates a vigorous program of advance. It will inspire them to recall the courageous words spoken one - hundred years ago, in darkest Africa, by the intrepid explorer, Dr. David Livingstone: "The end of the exploration is the beginning of the enterprise."
While the Grand Lodge is interested in those practical evidences of efficiency which may be reported in the annual returns, it is vastly more concerned with the spirit of the leader. What sort of a man is he? How does he stand in the community which usually judges Freemasonry by its leadership? What techniques of leadership will he accept and follow? He has at least three choices which both the leaders and the rank and file should ponder.
The Way of the Dictator. In his recent book, Stalin & Company Walter Duranty has drawn an interesting contrast between Lenin and Stalin, if, indeed, it may be called a contrast at all. Lenin would say to his associates, "Here is what I think our policy should be. If any one has any suggestions to offer or can make any improvements, I am willing to listen. Otherwise let us consider my plan adopted." There was no debate! Stalin was more adroit. He stated his views to the Politburo, then turned to the man who specializes in the particular matter under discussion and said, "I would like to hear from you." Superficially, he seemed to be the genial Chairman of the Board rather then, a boss, but he had his own way without appearing to lay down the law. That technique is not limited to Russia. Wherever one man initiates business, insists upon having his own way and is obviously irritated and unhappy when the consensus is against him - the spirit of dictatorship lives again. When such situations arise, only the spirit of the leader can solve the problem.
The Principle of Concurrence. At the other extreme is the Quaker principle of concurrence. In Henry Teidel Canby's fascinating book American Memoir this method is described. "The old Quakers in their business meeting never voted. If the majority could not persuade the minority to concur, the proposal was dropped. The proponents bared their hearts, opponents searched theirs." It is not recommended that any attempt be made to imitate the Quaker technique without the Quaker motive power, conscience, poise, fraternal co-operation.
The Conference Approach. There is, however, a near-equivalent of this Quaker principle in what we may call the conference approach. It is group-thinking and groupaction in a meeting of the Brethren, around a table, to iron out differences of opinion and to decide upon unified action. Voting is, of course, imperative, but the results, no matter how drastic. will not imperil the spirit of unity. This type of administrative procedure is a test of the leader's spirit.
If our newly elected presiding officers become masters of the conference technique, if they are themselves humble, approachable, sincerely anxious to find common ground, never advertising their own importance of seeking influence, power or honor for themselves - they will go far. Men will co-operate willingly with a leader who has such an irenic spirit, fitted to promote peace, conciliatory. It is difficult to co-operate successfully with a cross section of omniscience!
The Master should know that "It is not by the strong arm or the iron will that obedience and order - the chief requisites of good government - are secured, but by holding the key to the hearts of men . . . that, first of all, he is an individual Mason, sharing in that respect a common lot with his Brethren, and therefore interested in the welfare of each and all; be devoid of undue ostentation and haughty overbearing; be accessible to all, cultivating the closest friendship and most unlimited confidence with his associate officers; be eager to take counsel with his Brethren and ready to give it; be ready to reward good; be devoid of favoritism, and wholly impartial." These words of admonition apply equally as well to the Wardens and junior officers.
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by V. M. Burrows. M.P.S.
In the 1951 edition of The Informant, the purpose of The Philalethes Society was delineated under eight headings. One of these was: to encourage the formation of local groups of the Society . . . small gatherings where sincere Masonic students and lovers of the Craft could exchange ideas and add to their knowledge, resulting in a greater and deeper understanding of the age-old symbols landmarks, or ceremonies of the Craft. "
In this connection, it is gratifying to find in The Philalethes of June 1955 the first of a series of informative articles under the title: Suggested Procedure for Masonic Study. There is good reason to believe that the most important need in Masonry of today, is the formation of Masonic Study-Clubs.
But this will meet with resistance. It soon becomes evident that only a small percentage of our membership is interested in the history, symbolism, or philosophy of Freemasonry. On the other hand, it is vitally necessary that the apathy be corrected, so that the fundamental teachings may be preserved. Herein lies the opportunity for service by members of The Philalethes Society.
In the June 1955 issue of The Philalethes, page 15, it was said: "Generally speaking, there is no one better qualified to know who in a local Masonic Lodge, is better equipped to serve as a Masonic instructor, than a Worshipful Master and Secretary of the Lodge. Let them then, confer and appoint the new men who will be Masonic instructors - the personnel by whom Masonic information will be imparted."
But here is the catch, only a few Worshipful Masters are actually interested in the dissemination of Masonic information, aside from perfection in rendition of the ritual. The reason for that condition is lack of encouragement from the Grand Lodge. And before Grand Lodge gives attention to the problem, it must be made evident that the individual Lodges consider Masonic information to be of vital importance. We must therefore "start at the bottom" by encouraging the formation of Masonic Study-Clubs, with the hope that their good examples will come to the attention of the Grand Lodge in a commendable manner.
This question has been given careful attention over a period of years. When the publication of The Builder began in 1915, Brother H.L. Haywood, F.P.S., was appointed Editor in Charge of Masonic Study-Clubs, and in that connection he wrote two books which became volumes in the National Masonic Library.
The Lodge System of Masonic Education was developed by the National Masonic Research Society in 1923. On page 1297 of Mackey's Revised Encyclopedia of Freemasonry will be found an excellent article on this subject. We quote here a paragraph, as follows:
"To adopt the Lodge System: 1. It is endorsed officially by the Grand Lodge. 2. The Grand Lodge has the text-book of papers printed and distributed. 3. A Lodge discusses the System under the Order of Business, and if it adopts it, provides for it in the By-Laws. 4. The Master appoints a Standing Committee. 5. After the Petitioner has passed the Ballot the Secretary mails him instructions when and where to meet with the Committee. There is nothing for the Candidate to learn by heart, but he is required to take this educational preparation as seriously as the Initiation ceremonies. The result of the use of the System is to give a Lodge a membership in which each man is trained in the thought and practices of the Craft."
ONE GROUP EXAMPLE
The Long Beach, California, Masonic Study-Club came to the conclusion that the best hope for arousing interest in Masonic history, symbolism and philosophy during the period of coaching, or posting in the memory work.
Accordingly, each second meeting of the month was set aside for close consideration of the question and answers, and a development of their symbolism. It is a significant fact, that we found these so full of interest that it took two years to progress as far as the Obligation of the Entered Apprentice.
Our object was to increase the interest of the coaches, so that they would be encouragd to prepare themselves to give logical answers to inquiries or comments made by the candidates. Thus we hoped to accumulate a more enlightened membership through the succeeding years.
In that connection, we are especially pleased to see the article on page 15 of The Philalethes of August 1955, from which we quote a part, as follows:
"Primarily, it is a psychological fact that the impression that is carried away by a candidate after receiving his Entered Apprentice degree, is that which will, generally, motivate his interest and action in the rest of his Masonic life.
"To properly evaluate and inculcate into the new Mason those values and aspects of Masonry, is a task that is one of, if not the most important that falls upon a Lodge and its officers. It is not a matter of conferring the work, important as this is, but it is a necessity to start the candidate in his Masonic work with the firm belief that its importance is commensurate with his best efforts, and that what he does to continue in this path, will be the rule by which he is measured."
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There is an old legend, which it is well to know, that the ancient Masons were enjoined to initiate their candidates at the third, sixth and ninth hours only, for which custom they assigned these reasons. That it was at the third hour of the day that the Holy Ghost descended on the Apostles at the Pentecost; at the sixth hour Peter went up to the housetop to offer his prayers to God, when he was favored with a celestial vision, and at the ninth hour Peter and John went to the Temple for the same purpose, and then and there healed a man who had been lame from his mother's womb. - ACTs 2:1 .
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FRANKFORT - AM - MAIN, GERMANY
by Alfred A. Northhacker, M.P.S.
There is Under Dispensation in Germany today, a Lodge bearing the above name which has a very interesting background. It's membership consists of 95 Master Masons, of whom 65 are regular members, though having petitioned and received the three degrees in this Lodge. Of the remaining thirty, 14 are dual members, representing eight Grand Lodges, and 16 are affiliate members, having demitted from State-side Lodges, and represent 11 other Grand Lodges. There are, at present, 28 candidates in the process of receiving, or about to receive, the three degrees. Of the entire 95 members, 50 are presently in the United States or other countries, with the remaining 45 in Germany, or elsewhere in Europe.
The original Dispensation, instituting this Lodge was issued on April 30, 1946, by Most Worshipful Fred W. Hartmann, Grand Master of Masons in the State of Oregon, U.S.A., but due to the fact it was mistakenly thought that the Lodge was to be named "Supreme," the Dispensation was never forwarded. On July 1 of the same year, the new Grand Master, Most Worshipful Edward B. Beaty, re-issued the Dispensation with the proper name. He also issued his proxy to Right Worshipful Robert H. Cushing, Past District Deputy Grand Master of Depew Lodge No. 823, Lancaster, New York, to officiate as the Instituting Officer. The Lodge was institued on July 11, 1946, with Brother Cushing conducting the ceremonies. At this meeting, officers were installed in the presence of 66 visiting Brethren from 33 different Grand Lodges.
Through the assistance of Brother Charles H. Capestake of Schenectady, New York, jewels and aprons were obtained for the officers. The jewels were made locally from scrap aluminum out of a B-17 bomber, the cords being taken from parachutes which had been dropped behind the lines on D-Day in the Normandy invasion. For the furniture, little bed stands with marble tops were made into stations for the officers and an old mahogany library table was converted into an altar.
The building itself, located at 17 Finkenhof Strasse, prior to the last war, was what it is today: a Masonic Temple, owned by the Johannes Masonic Bodies, a group considered Clandestine by American Grand Lodges. Three (3) Lodges of this group still hold Communications in the building, as well as two (2) Lodges working under the recognized United Grand Lodge of Germany, in addition to Oregon Military Lodge and the Star of Germany Chapter of the Eastern Star, a ladies organization. The building now has the status of a requisitioned structure, under the Space Allocation Section of the European Command (EUCOM), and, in addition to its being used as a Masonic Temple, is occupied occasionally, during the day as a school for various special military groups. It is also used for social functions of military groups, but this use, is left to the discretion of Oregon Military Lodge, which, at the present time, is the primary occupant, and as such, has full control of the building.
During the war, the building was used by the Gestapo and S.S. Groups, as a sub-headquarters. They had demolished the main Temple room on the ground floor which they used as a garage for their vehicles They also effected other, less drastic changes to the interior, as well as some damage and removal of the furniture and furnishings. There was also some actual war damage, but this, as well as interior repairs, were effected by the U.S. Engineers Corps. Through the efforts of a number of American Masons in the immediate occupying forces, almost all of the missing furniture and some of the German Lodge furnishings were recovered. The present line of officers include members of some six American Grand Lodges, in addition to a member of Rising Sun Lodge No. 1401, Kobe, Japan, a Lodge under charter of the United Grand Lodge of England.
Although many Masonic functions have taken place in this Temple since July 1946 the two most important events, which I had the privilege of witnessing and participating in were as follows:
Late last year, Right Worshipful Ernest Bollinger, Senior Grand Warden of the Grand Lodge A.F. &A.M. of the State of Oregon (sponsoring Grand Body), paid an official visit to the Lodge to witness the conferral of the Master Mason degree upon candidates in waiting. There were representatives from twenty-six American Grand Lodges present, in addition to members of American Lodges in Germany, Philippine Islands, Japan, Korea, France and the Panama Canal Zone.
Also attending were German Brethren representing Lodges of the United Grand Lodge of Germany, from Wiesbaden, Berlin, Essen, Frankfurt am Main, Cologne, Bonn and Hannover, as well as Illustrious August Pauls, 33d, Sovereign Grand Commander and Illustrious Georg Geier, 33d, Ancient & Accepted Scottish Rite of Germany, Right Worshipful and Baron Ferdinand von Cles, Grand Secretary of the United Grand Lodge of Germany. Brothers Bollinger, Pauls and Von Cles, addressing the gathering, called for co-operation and brotherly love throughout the world in order to bring about a faster and successful end to the current struggle for a free world.
Early this year, 28 candidates ( United States Army, Navy and civilian personnel) received the Scottish Rite degrees, 4th through 32nd, at the Oregon Military Lodge Temple. Four degrees were portrayed in full ceremonial form and the remaining group communicated. Illustrious Brothers Pauls and Geier conferring the 31st and 32nd degrees upon the candidates.
Inasmuch as the ritual was demonstrated in both English and German languages, it was a long day, but none-the-less interesting and educational for all who were fortunate enough to be present. America to the Grand Masters Conference and of his receptions in the various cities he visited. The "International Chin Fest" was so interesting that none of the Brethren would make a move to depart and all lingered until the wee small hours.
When asked to comment on the event as a prelude to true universal brotherhood, I stated: "I have been convinced by many of the German Brethren I have had the pleasure of meeting during my three years stay on the Continent, that the United Grand Lodge of Germany has tried in every way to return to the level of their Brethren throughout the world. These Brethren are earnestly and conscientiously trying to erase the stain that still blemishes their honor, brought by Adolph Hitler and Company, and if I may quote an excerpt from a speech I once heard, I am sure you will understand better what I am saying. 'It isn't that men are bad and it isn't that men are ignorant (who amongst us is wise?), but it is the almost complete and total failure to understand one another. And the whole history of mankind is saturated with blood because of some trying the best they can to bring about submission on the part of others, rather than endeavoring to establish an understanding.' It is in this field today, as it has been for centuries, that our great and unequalled Fraternity can render by all odds the greatest good to itself and to mankind."
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By FRANK R. HOBSON, M.P.S. (Canada)
We all know the official definition of Freemasonry, not its purpose. We know that we are figuratively descended from Abraham, and are as the "sands of the sea" for number.
What is the Lord's "Work" to the completion of which we are dedicated?
Abraham's mission has been the reestablishment of the worship, or recognition of the great Jehovah in the heart and mmd of the human race the purpose for which his people were chosen.
We are apt to think of the Jew as the original human being. But since Abraham was the founder of the Jews and Arabs, who then were the Canaanites, Philistines and those others?
The Supreme Being was known to man a half million years before Abraham's time, and it is known that several civilizations had pre-deceased him in Palestine.
His best known spiritual contribution possibly was his willingness to sacrifice his son Isaac - which was not an isolated, or original gesture.
Another contribution was the founding of a body of men destined to punish a People who had strayed far from God's image. Abraham's descendants themselves had become badly contaminated by their surrounding civilization in Egypt, and a whole generation had to die off before their Holy War could be started.
When Moses returned from Mount Horab, in Sinai, he found that his people had reverted to phallic worship - politely called the "Golden Calf."
Freemasonry being a form of moral education based on terms used in building is so aptly illustrated that we often forget to look for the hidden meaning, and even ignore the Presence of the Most High.
So let us now with reverence and humility cast our eyes and attention on the carpet which lies before us.
There are at least two Lodges in Ontario where the floor is covered by a carpet designed in a mosaic of Masonic emblems. However, those emblems do not correspond entirely with the Ontario Ritual, and I presume it to be of American origin-based on Webb's Ritual.
Since comparatively few Brethren are familiar with these carpets, let us pretend that I am "teacup reading," with words of explanation.
"I see some pearshaped dots. These I take to mean Widow's Tears." We have seen pictures cf matrons, and weeping females and children. The care of such always has first call on a Mason's charity.
"I see a crescent moon and seven stars between two columns of working tools - one of which is a trowel. Now, what is a trowel doing on an Ontario carpet - apart of course from the Royal Arch? Well, Webb put it there.
There was a time when the trowel was the jewel of the Inner Guard. Maybe too in those days, it referred to the tongue of human speech, and some do say that "the tongue of good report" is the real password of the first degree.
In this group of working tools the compasses are conspicuous by their absence, and the only place where I can see them is on an open book on a tri-angular pedestal, and on the face of an altar at the top of a flight of steps.
"I see a sword pointing to a Book of Constitutions, and another pointing to a heart. The former should be the wavy, or Tyler's sword, and the latter a dagger to pa operly represent their hidden meanings.
"I see a Star of David, and of Solomon. Since Solomon is a synonym for wisdom - and it was wisdom and his prayer for more of it that made him famous rather than his Temple - it could be "the Star that gleams in the center," the center of a circle, or the center which is nowhere.
"I see a five-pointed star within a circle. This could represent the pentagram (worn as a charm) or Pythagoras' Pentalpha a symbol full of mystery the top point representing the Shekina. the others earth, air, fire, and water.
"I see a series of arches, and columns, a square pavement, a cruse of oil, the letter G suspended from a tablet of the Ten Commandments - but these may not be explained in a Craft Lodge, and there are other things which I cannot explain.
Another thing noticeable is the colouring of this carpet. The blue patches are somewhat small as cone pared to the yellow, red, and black ones.
Maybe some of you, who have the privilege of walking on such a carpet, will recognize it as Holy Ground, will apply your Masonic knowledge to interpret the Bible, so recognize God as the Good Shepherd, and to open your hearts to the hidden meanings of allegory, and symbol.
As every part of the Temple has its ntended use, the floor of a Lodge - carpet or no carpet - is the Great Tracing Board of the Craft whereon is exemplified the teaching of the Masonic ritual - and not a parade ground.
All this, and fidelity.
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By RABBI M. GEFFEN, F.P.S.
Masonry demands enthusiasm; if we will but strive to understand it in its grandeur, it is worthy to inspire enthusiasm. For what is it to be a real Mason? Those err greatly who imagine that all that is asked of the Mason is to give an intellectual assent to some abstract proposition of the mind.
To be a true Mason is to feel oneself a member of a great brotherhood in which the safety, the welfare, and the honor of all is in the keeping of each; it is to stand firm against temptation and corrupt example from far and near; lt ls to make sacrifices of comfort, pleasure convenience, to be content to suffer privation and contumely for one's faith and people; to answer all detractors by a blameless life.
It is to remember that the family affections, implanted by nature, are to be the parents of all other affections, and the home must be the nursery of all the virtues, not their prison, much less their grave; to be to the front wherever men are suffering from want, ignorance or tyranny; it is to glory in Masonic history, and to bear in mind that he who cares not for Masonic past, will not do much that shall be worth remembering in the Craft's future.
It is to cherish the Order's heritage, the Great Light of Freemasonry, the Holy Bible, to search and cling to it through good and evil repute; it is to unite with all good men and true, in order to roll away the reproach of religious indifference; and though there be no majority on our side, though numbers be against us, though we be left alone - then to do this in the face of opposition, of persecution, of calumny, in the face of contempt and ridicule, the deadliest foe of enthusiasm, we must be inspired by the thought that our Order is the sublimest institution.
The Mason must be penetrated by enthusiasm, for let him lack the breath of enthusiasm, and the veriest thread will suffice to bar his progress to truth, and righteousness, and religion. When setting about any holy task, we begin by weighing the difficulties and the loss it may involve for us, and then bestow a shy and disheartened glance upon the blessing attached to it, is when we are beginning to gain our Masonic enhusiasm.
Much of our lack of enthusiasm is due to an underestimate of our own strength, whether in overcoming the evil that surrounds us, or in promoting the good that everywhere needs championing.
Masonry is cosmopolite - international; it is possible
to feel that Masonry has more, and more important, matters that unite us
than those it is worthwhile to quarrel about, and that our distinctions,
whatever else they are, are not vital. We Masons shall always preach a
truer, deeper enthusiasm in all that touches our sublime Masonic mission.
Enthusiasm is of two kinds, or rather assumes two shapes. There is what one might call a corporate enthusiasm, and there is individual enthusiasm. In the first case, a number of people are knit together by a sense of association, with a common object before them all. Who has not felt the contagion in any great multitude of men, where one will and purpose pervades and animates the mass, where, as with glowing coals packed close together, each mind and heart absorbs and radiates its share of fervor? Then the enthusiast feels he is not alone, that beside him and around him are his fellow-men, all intent on the same object, all presenting the same and similar petitions, all striving to be engaged by good deeds and noble works.
Tremendous indeed are the potentialities in every large collection of humanity, and as the number grows, those potentialities increase. Enthusiasm grows in volume and in force of all proportion to the number of enthusiasts. But Masonry needs also individual enthusiasm. The Mason shall not depend on the enthusiasm of the multitude. Every Mason must by himself obtain enthusiasm. The enthusiastic especial aim of the Mason must consist of enlisting the young. They make the purest and, therefore, the best enthusiasts. Not many difficulties will resist an alliance between the counsels of age and the enthusiasm of youth.
Let us not, however, in our zeal to kindle enthusiasm in the mass, forget how much depends upon its presence in the individual. The individual Mason must also remember true manhood, regardless that he finds it hard to stand alone. He must feel that he can stand alone, and toil alone and keep a brave and uncorrupted heart alone. Faith, in the more than human, has often given men strength more than human.
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Thoughtful Americans interested in a scholarly and objective analysis of the American Revolution within the framework of both the European and American scenes should read the following:
Origins of the American Revolution, by John C. Miller.
Triumph of Freedom 1775-1783, by John C. Miller.
Secret of the American Revolution, by Carl Van Doren.
The Van Doren history published in 1941 reveals - for the first time - the complete, accurate story of Benedict Arnold's treason. The Arnold-Andre Correspondence, preserved among the Clinton papers in the Clements Library of the University of Michigan, was made available to scholars ten or twelve years ago.
John C. Miller has been Professor of History in Bryn Mawr College since 1939. His two volumes present a factual record of the background of the Revolution and the progress of the War. In Triumph of Freedom Dr. Miller pronounces the calm verdict of history on Arnold's achievements and his treason.
In addition to the reference books mentioned above three recent brief popular studies of the period are of interest: John Hancock, by Herbert S. Allan, General Gage in America, by John Richard Alden, and The Great Rehearsal, Carl Van Doren's dramatic story of the Constitutional Convention of 1787.
Brother Edward E. Hedblom, F.P.S., and editor of The Square and Compass of Denver, has just written A Medley of Masonic Miscellanea. This is a pocketsize book containing many interesting pieces of Masonic information. Copies may be secured by writing the author at 1770 Sherman Street, Denver, Colorado. The book comes in two editions; the paper cover sells for $2.50, and the cloth binding for $3.00.
Apron Men, by Col. Robert J. Blackham, is one of those stories of Masonry that does not follow the traditional pattern of writing. It takes the apron, symbol of Freemasonry, and weaves about it a story of the men and facts of Freemasonry in a delightfully charming way.
Very little known in this country, it is an English publication that would be welcomed here because of its fresh approach. It is so different in tenor, that it cannot fail to appeal to the student who wants facts in a different cut of cloth.
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Executive Committee Announces Contest
Recognizing the high quality of contributions to The Philalethes magazine, and following a timely suggestion made recently by Warren F. Mellny, M.P.S. of Mattoon, Illinois, the Philalethes Society, announces that commencing with the February 1956 issue of The Philalethes, and ending with the December issue of the same year, that the article published in the magazine which is declared best in literary, factual and Masonic quality, will be awarded a CERTIFICATE OF LITERATURE by the Society.
A committee will be selected to read the material and make the award. Three prominent Masons will be appointed and their names announced in our next issue.
The rules for the contest are extremely simple, and any Mason who cares to enter the contest can do so, irrespective of his affiliation with the Philalethes Society. No member of the Executive Committee, Publications Committee of the Philalethes Society, nor the Editor of The Philalethes magazine is eligible to participate in the contest.
All manuscripts received prior to November 1, 1956, are certified for consideration this being the deadline for the December 1956 issue of The Philalethes magazine, the last issue in which a competing article may be printed.
Articles for consideration should be written on one side of the paper only, should be typewritten, and should be addressed to:
JOHN BLACK VROOMAN, Editor, Philalethes Magazine,
P. O. Box 402,
St. Louis, Missouri.
CONTEST -
The articles submitted will become the property of the Philalethes Society. The contents will be the views of the writer, and will not reflect the views of the Society or its officers.
In case of a tie between contestants, both writers will receive the official CERTIFICATE OF LITERATURE. The decision of the special committee in charge of the contest shall, in all cases be final.
Recognition of merit, a closer contact between the widely dispersed membership of the Society, and a sincere endeavor to give better and more Masonic Light to the readers of The Philalethes magazine, is the primary object of this contest.
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By Fred A. Gokenbach, M.P.S,
Freemasonry is inseparably connected with the Holy Bible and Biblical lore, both historically and traditionally. Nearly all phases of the Masonic ritual in all its degrees point to some Biblical reference, either direct or indirect.
The Holy Bible and Freemasonry teach the same system of morality, veil it in, allegory, and illustrate it by symbols.
Freemasonry is the activity of closely united men who, employing forms, borrowed principally from the Mason's trade and from architecture, work for the welfare of mankind, thereby symbolically applying the principles of operative masonry and architecture to the science and art of character building.
It is the opinion that both the Bible and Freemasonry teach the Fatherhood of God and Brotherhood of Man, the resurrection of the body and the immortality of the soul, however, Freemasonry does not dictate the form which these doctrines shall take in any human mind. Each person is free to form his own opinion.
Let us consider a symbol described when it is said, "I will here plant this sprig of acacia to mark the spot." What does this mean?
It probably means a symbol of resurrection; let's go back to the Bible. Acacia is the shittim wood of the Bible. It is an evergreen, symbol of initiation, innocence, and immortality. The wood from this tree was sacred among the Hebrews, and Moses was ordered to use it in making the tabernacle, the ark of the covenant, the table of the shewbread, and other sacred furniture (Ex. 25: 10-38.) The ancients believed the acacia incorruptible; insects and destructive animals shunned it. The acacia was considered a sacred plant.
In some ancient legends this emblem was the lily, the lotus, or some form of evergreen. But in Masonry it is the sprig of acacia which reminds us of the immortal part of our being which never dies. (II Cor. 5:1.) Going to the Bible we note the use of acacia in the following:
1. An offering to God. Exodus 25:2-5; 35: 7, 24.
2. Ark of the covenant. Exodus 25: 10; 37: 1, 4; Deuteronomy 10: 3.
3. Table of the shewbread. Exodus 25: 23, 30; 37: 10.
4. Staves for the table. Exodus 25:28; 37: 15, 28.
5. Tabernacle. Exodus 26: 15, 32, 37; 36: 20, 31, 36.
6. Altar. Exodus 27: 1-6; 36: 36.
7. Altar of incense. Exodus 30: 1-5; 37:25.
8. Altar of burnt offering. Exodus 35: 7; 38: 1-6.
9. Immortality. I Corinthians 15:35-52.
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bv Harry E. H. Grant, M.P.S.
In asking, "What is The Word," it is possible to recognize that it is not a mere password or means of recognition between kindred souls, but rather, a pass key; an open sesame to all that is properly desired and desirable. The Word constitutes a comprehensive answer to the otherwise seemingly unsolvable problems which beset mankind. The Word is not merely a symbol but a reality.
To attempt to fully define The Word would be to essay the impossible, but we may progress toward some understanding of our relationship to The Word and in that progress, achieve health, success, or whatever the phases of the "all" may be that we individually deem desirable.
When The Word is not understood, and has dropped a stitch which holds the other knit chains of one's life together; and until that which was lost is again found the process of unravelling and of reknitting becomes almost insuperable.
The ancient legendary and historic masters possessed The Word. What The Word was or is, or the way of The Word is known today to but too few.
We may opine, in an aside, that Aladdin and other folk tales have considerable foundation in fact; and that they are closely related to the known power of The Word. Read again, in the light of your maturing concepts, the co-called fairy tales.
It is significant that the words which express attributes or capabilities of The Word seem vested with special power. Con over the inexhaustable nomenclature of The Word!
The Word is self-revealed. By aid of The Word is kindled the inspirational light of mind which is its revelation. Illumination is a function of The Word.
Any word without a related idea is meaningless and impotent; and idea implies an intelligence or wisdom by which the idea is conceived and expressed; the wisdom of the serpent which is as harmless as doves, The Word.
This inquiry could be termed a chapter in the Gospel according to The Word except that none would want to claim infallibility even though the truths expressed are self-evident.
There are gradations of meanings to any word; and all words become more and more variant in their meanings. Although The Word reveals itself in many ways, it is none-the-less, constant, changeless, and undeviating. As The Word is unfolded, or disclosed, we intuitively relate it to ideas, and try to do those deeds, fitting to its expression.
Feeling precedes thought or idea; but whence come the feeling and that which feels? The Word expresses the higher things mean feels; the inspiration, fervency, zeal, and all else that is born of the spirit. In a very definite sense The Word is jealous. It expresses with fidelity the mind and spirit of its Author; and because the Author of The Word is sovereign it has the authority and the power to be and to do good.
As one of record prayed, "Speak Lord for thy servant heareth," so everyone earnestly desiring guidance or instruction or whatever the aspiration, should ask to hear and to learn The Word.
To some The Word is the informing and controlling principle of the universe, manifesting itself as expression; an intermediary between wisdom and the world, between God and His idea; hence man is able, to utilize The Word; and reflect or express the attributes of God.
Although scarcely conscious of the processes, we are all, during our waking hours, continuously taking heed of form and of size, of composition and of color, of beauty and of harmony, of relationship and of distance, of poten
A typical German collation was served upon completion of the degree work and a true feeling of international brotherhood was exhibited throughout the entire day. Dr. Pauls spoke of his trip to tialities and utility and of the characteristics which not only designate but are the substance of things in our objective world.
That The Word is the wisdom or substance of words; is One and is All. It is The First Great Cause and is revealed to us in change even though The Word is unchanging.
Everywhere, ever-present, The Word is all that is and that will be at all times and in all places. Man divides but God unifies through The Word; and the material and the spiritual, in this light, are seen to be one.
The Word communicates itself to man in ideas and is their cause and their effect.
What is The Word? For everyone, individually and collectively, The Word is good; all of good that is God.
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We are pleased to introduce the following new members and subscribers of the Society since the last issue of the Philalethes:
NEW MEMBERS
John August Peters, 216 First Avenue, Glasgow, Montana.
Dr. H. K. Maxwell, 411 South 5th Street, Okemah, Oklahoma.
George H. White, 1503 Van Gieson Street, Richland, Washington.
David A. Taglor, 102 Bonnie Road, Baltimore 4, Maryland.
De Mouille P. Jones, 2541 Ridgewood Avenue, Louisville 17, Kentucky.
Edwin S. Hungarland, 1240 Ormsby Court, Louisville, Kentucky.
Frank C. Barnhill, 29 South Brunswick, Marshall, Missouri.
Dr. Eugene S. Hopp, 33 Heather Avenue, San Francisco 18, California.
Charles Frank Wakefield, Box 187, Dutch Flat, California.
O. Wes Koneeing, 8911 Eaget Road, St. Louis, Missouri.
Clyde Rush, Box 1677, Boise Idaho.
NEW SUBSCRIBERS
Austin J. Catalano, 400 Burdick Avenue, Syracuse, New York.
Henry A. Rhodes, 530 Hancock Street, Brooklyn, New York.
Ragan M. Vandegrig, 2275 Stephen Long Drive, N.E., Atlanta, Georgia.
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THESE ARE YOUR REPRESENTATIVES
In the United States
Arizona - James R. Malott, Box 351, Globe.
Arkansas - Dr. Francis J. Scully, Medical Arts Bldg., Hot Springs.
California - Victor L. Jones, 226 E. Alameda Ave., Burbank.
Colorado - Edward E. Hedblom. 1770 Sherman Ave., Denver 5.
Connecticut - Robert H. Nisbet, South Kent.
Delaware - Chester R. Jones, Masonic Temple, Wilmington.
Dist. of Columbia - Carl H. Claudy, 700 - 10th St., N.W., Washington, D. C.
Florida - William James Walker, 1877 Truman Avenue, Jacksonville
Georgia - William B. Schwartz, P.O. Box 1123, Atlanta.
Illinois - Ralph S. Davis, 315 Wisconsin Ave., Oak Park.
Indiana - James Scofield, 722 Conkey Street. Hammond.
Iowa - Realff Ottesen, 910 Davenport Bank Bldg., Davenport.
Kansas - Floran A. Rodgers, P.O. Box 707, Wichita 1.
Kentucky - Wvile B. Wendt 2346 Emerson Ave. Louisville.
Louisiana - Lee Harris, P. O. Box 404, Alexandria.
Maine - Thomas B. Anderton, 287 Long Beach Avenue, York Beach.
Maryland - Charles G. Reigner, 4035 Belle Ave. Baltimore.
Massachusetts - Frank H. Wilson, 27 Bevelly St. Melrose 76.
Michigan - James Fairbairn Smith, New Masonic Temple
Minnesota - William E. Pool, 207 Van Brunt St., Mankato.
Mississippi - Rev. Allen Cabaniss, University, Miss.
Missouri - Herbert A. Gast, 9743 Tesson Ferry Road, St. Louis.
Montana - Frank E. Van Demark, Cut Bank.
Nebraska - Harold H. Thom, 2315 Ogden Ave., Omaha.
Nevada - Harry H. Leavitt, Box 1, Gardenville.
New Hampshire - Nick A. Karagianis, 17 Warren St. Concord
New Jersey - Norman I. Morris, 330 Mount Prospect, Newark 4.
New Mexico - John C. Kost, Jr., Roswell.
New York - Alfred A. Northacker, 1055 New York Ave., Brooklyn 3.
North Carolina - Frederick W.E. Cullingford, 2027 Central Ave., Charlotte.
North Dakota - Edward. J. Franta. Langdon.
Ohio - G.A. McComb, 3615 Euclid Ave., Cleveland.
Oklahoma - Dr. John C. Hubbard, 1501 N.E. 11th St., Oklahoma City.
Oregon - Victor E. Vieira, P. O. Box 51, Grants Pass.
Pennsylvania - William J. Paterson, Masonic Tempe, Broad and Filbert Streets, Philadelphia
Rhode Island - Frank H. WiIson, 27 Beverly St., Beverly 76, Mass.
South Dakota - E.F. Strain, Sioux Falls.
Tennessee - Charles A. Rond, 3200 Cowden Ave., Memphis.
Utah - Stuart Dobbs, 812 David Eccles Bldg.,
Virginia - A. Douglas Smith, Jrt., 1320 Amherst Avenue, Richmond
Washington - Robelt B. Anderson, 1325 N. 167th St. Seattle
West Virginia - Edwin E. Greener, 4069 Cambronne St., Pittsburgh. Pa.
Wisconsin - Walter H. Braun, 2327 N. Holton St., Milwaukee.
Wyoming - Charles C. Lindsay. 500 W. 31st St., Cheyenne.
Other Countries
At-Large - Norman C. Dutt, 525 Nelson St. Berkeley, California.
Central Canada - Sam Harris, High Prairie Alberta.
Chile - Sergio G. Parody, Ave. B. O'Higgins, Santiago
East Canada - Charles E. Holmes, 294 St. Catherine St., W., Montreal.
England - Captain William F. Scalding, "Aylmerton," 123 The Chine, Grange Park London, N. 21, England.
French West Africa - Harry B. DePriest Boite Postale N 227, Dakar, (Senegal)
Greece - J.W. Burness c/o A.P.E. Co., 4 Koral St., Athens
Holland - Dr. E. van der Vlugt, 23 a Lange Voorhout, The Hague.
Mexico - William M. Coddington P.O. Box 111 Edinburg, Texas.
New Zealand - Dr. Ross Hepburn, 5 Ham Road Riccarton. Christchurch, N.W. 3
Philippines - Antonio Gonzales, 140 Gunao Manila.
Scotland - Georgo Prentice, 10 Roman Drive Motherwell Road , Bellshill, Lanarkshire.
South Africa - James Stephen Dunn P.O. Box 111, Kimberley.
Sweden - Carl A. Friman, Box 5058, Gothenburg
West Canada - L. Healey, 1138 Nelson St., Vancouver 5, B.C.
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Pertinent Facts For Prospects
ITS NAME - THE PHILALETHES SOCIETY.
ITS PURPOSE - To give opportunity for Masonic Fellowship and Research. A means of Masonic Discussion.
ITS MEMBERSHIP - Fellows, Members elected for merit.
Members, All Masons who are interested in exchanging ideas and studying Masonry. Subscribers, Groups and persons interested in the activities of the Society.
HOW TO JOIN - Membership is by recommendation of a Member, the submission of an application blank, and the payment of fees and dues.
ITS COST - Joining fee (all groups) $3.00.
Annual dues:
Members $5.00 annually.
Subscribers $3.00 annually.
ITS BENEFITS - Receipt of all publications of the Society, including THE PHILALETHES Magazines, pubished bi-monthy.
WHOM TO CONTACT - Any Fellow or Member of the Society or Arthur H. Triggs, First Vice President, 2117 Funston Place, Oakland 2, Calif.
WHOM TO PAY - LAWTON E. MEYER, Executive Secretary P. O. Box 402, St. Louis, Missouri
FOR FURTHER HELP - See list of REPRESENTATIVES in each State and Foreign country, from whom additional information may be obtained without obligation. These are YOUR representatives - make use of them!
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by Bliss Kelly, M.P.S.
Many Masons, who have been raised to the Sublime Degree of Master Mason, have missed its greatest lesson - how they were raised, or to what estate.
The work, from the first interrogations to the candidate prior to initiation, as an entered Apprentice, the passing to the Fellow Craft, and the ritual of the Master Mason degree, to and including the "raising," portrays the foundation for truth, and climaxes the ultimate toward which the candidate has traveled from West to East in his search of Masonic Light.
Here, then, is revealed the sublime secret of the universe, and the door to unlimited light, power, knowledge and truth is opened to him in all its brilliance. Why do so many fail to see that door, explore at least a portion of the vast expanse within, or use the knowledge awaiting them?
Is it because the degrees of the Symbolic or Blue Lodge cover such a vast field of philosophy, religion, political economy and morality in only three degrees?
Is it by virtue of necessity to limit the rituals to short statements and explanations of truths which have required thousands of volumes to fully expound?
Is it that fundamental teachings of religion, philosophy and politics are presented in one brief paragraph to facilitate other basic truths to be inculcated within the time allowed for degree work.
While the explanatory lecture attempts to point out to the newly raised Brother the real lesson of the third degree, it does so in language not easily understood by the ordinary man, and then only at the conclusion of this long lecture when the Brother is tired and satiated with admonitions, obligations, and other explanations which he has tried to absorb during the evening.
To fully understand the great lesson of the third degree, the setting of its second section is all important. Here, the Brother has been taught, by actual demonstration, that he must struggle onward for further light, despite the physical obstacles and against fierce opposition. He must overcome evil in order to find good. He must maintain his integrity to merit the reward, whatever it may be.
What light can he gather from being overcome and being "leveled with the dust"? Why was he unable to withstand the forces of evil, although he was without blame? In what way did he fail to find and use his Masonic Light which should have given him strength and the power to triumph over temporal as well as spiritual obstacle?
After the conclusion of the drama and when the evil forces suffered their just punishment, attention is once again centered on the Brother, and the unfolding of the great lesson begins.
Mere man, having been twice frustrated in his attempt to find a way to raise one who has fallen, stands helpless and defeated. The wisest and most powerful monarch admits his inability to cope with such a situation. Human endeavor has reached its limit and nothing more can be done. All efforts are in vain. "What shall we do?"
There is but one answer!
When man's strength and wisdom fail, there is an inexhaustible supply in the power of prayer. This is the full and complete answer, and in it is found the greatest lesson of Masonry.
Here is illustrated the interrelationship of the physical or temporal with the spiritual; the blending of earthly things with those in heaven, and the controlling, guiding, and all powerful supremacy of the spiritual power. Here, too, is shown the manner in which the Supreme Power may be invoked, by a simple use of prayer coupled with faith.
The promise contained in Masonry's Great Light - "where two or three are gathered together in My name, I will be in their midst and bless them" - is invoked, together with the assurance that when the Father is asked for anything. "whatsoever you shall ask, ye shall receive." The prayer is the "asking," and is the key which unlocks that inexhaustible power able to accomplish anything when coupled with Faith.
Applied in practical, down-to-earth needs of every day life, this one great lesson of the Master Mason degree can bring to him who realizes its significance everything for which he may long.
No Mason was ever "raised" by physical power alone. Only by the invocation of God's power was this "impossible" feat accomplished. Although that power is omnipotent, it is not incomprehensible, for man can invoke it to any time and use it for any purpose. It is as invisible as the law of gravity, but just as ominpresent. It is easier to use than any other kind of power because the activating and motivating means thereof are within every human being, to be utilized instantly. Like electricity, it cannot be seen, yet the laws governing its use and control are definite and certain, and with a knowledge of these laws tangible physical results are produced.
Some will say that this is not the great lesson of the third degree; that this degree is intended largely to teach, by precept and illustration, that we are to be raised to a life hereafter. There should be no real disagreement about this, however, if we correctly interpret immortality. What, then, is immortality? Can anyone say with certainty? While Masonry inculcates the principle of the "resurrection" and of a "life hereafter," as well as immortality, it does not attempt to define its meaning.
Immortality may be explained in its purely physical aspect as an effect of man's deeds on earth upon other people, or the things which live after him, being incapable of destruction in the same manner as the effect of a wave of the ocean upon the grain of sand, or a rain drop upon a mountain, yet there is also a spiritual immortality when the open door is pointed out to every Master Mason as he is "raised."
And what is within that door? To the observing there is clearly visible The Grand Architect of the Universe, the source of all life and power, the Great "I Am" or God, the Alpha and Omega!
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Suggested Procedure For Masonic Study
By John Black Vrooman, F.P.S.,
Part IV - continued from last issue
MATURITY IN PROGRESSION - THE MASTER MASON DEGREE
If the Entered Apprentice degree is the beginning, and the Fellow Craft degree is the School of Freemasonry, we may liken the Master Mason degree to the Maturity or Peak of Freemasonry, for it is here that we experience the completion of Ancient Craft Masonry. It is here that we reach the climax of our search.
Let it be observed that the ceremony of the Third Degree is not to be interpreted as more important than its history and background. The observance of the acts of initiation and completion of this degree are means to an end-ways of showing the candidate that he has been led along a dark and fearful path, only to emerge into the sunshine and Light which is a full illumination of Ancient Craft Masonry.
Freemasonry has at times been bitterly and virulently attacked. Its very life was threatened, but when the final analysis of the situation was brought to light, it was the members of the Masonic Fraternity more than its avowed enemies, who did it the most damage.
The dissenting and withdrawing members, who did not stay to support an honorable cause; who ridiculed and vilified it - these were its worst enemies - its enemies who should have been defending it.
The ceremonies of Freemasonry have been criticized by some because of their secrecy. The fact is, that it is often the manner in which these ceremonies are conducted, and not the ceremonies themselves, that are at fault.
The Master Mason degree represents maturity; manhood; wisdom. The ceremonies of this degree, pure and undulterated from years past, brought from antiquity and the philosophy of the wisest men of all times, have evolved as something sacred and benevolent, teaching and elevating the hearts and minds of all who participate.
As we have progressed in knowledge, we have evolved new ways of interpreting these ceremonies, and better and more forceful means of impressing the lessons on our candidates.
The important thing for our Masonic students to remember is that there are so many false premises, so many spurious parts and ceremonies extant, that we must be ever-careful to be sure of the material which we peruse and study, and get the authorized and accurate material which will give us a true picture of the development and life of Freemasonry.
The Master Mason degree is a composite of many older and more highly developed exercises that have been practiced in all parts of the world, and from the time whence the memory of man runneth not to the contrary. But the theory and general subject matter of the degree is practically the same everywhere.
State lines, various foreign countries and even the domains of semi-civilized aborigines have different interpretations of the same essentials of Freemasonry. This ritual or "Work" in some foreign dominions, may be unrecognized and not sponsored by the recognized and legally constituted Grand bodies of the world.
The fact remains, however, that these different workings may constitute the germ of something creative for Masonry to study and compare with what has been given authority, not to take the place of regular "Work," but to give clues and lessons of other interpretations of certain parts of Freemasonry.
To the student, always alert to learn more of what Freemasonry really is, a study of our Arts, of the Science of Freemasonry, offers an allure and a magnet that is limits of reason, of regularity and of common sense, in your studies.
PANEL FOR THE THIRD DEGREE
I
Group chairman for the evening.
II
Horizon Widened in Third Degree
A. Age is Twilight of Life.
B. Masons Look to Immortality.
III
The Journey.
A. The First Section.
1. Preparation.
a. Clothing.
b. Cabletow.
2. Reception.
3. Perfect square.
4. Obligation and penalty.
a. Old friends.
b. Added responsibility.
5. The Working Tools.
B. The Second Section.
1. Hiram Abiff
2. The drama.
3. The emblems.
IV
The Landmarks of Freemasonry.
A. Mackey.
B. Others.
V
Masonic Organization and Administration.
A. Grand Lodge.
1. Its composition.
a. Officers.
b. Permanent members.
c. Lodge representation.
2. Administration.
a. Annual Communcation.
b. Activity between annual communications.
(1) Functions of Grand Officers
(2) District Deputy Grand Masters.
(a) Districting of Grand Lodge.
(b) Control by proper authorities.
(3) Other activities.
B. Constituent Lodges.
1. Composition and functions.
2. Relation to Grand Lodge.
C. Individual Members.
1. Duties and responsibilities.
2. Rights and privileges.
VI
Other Masonic Bodies and their relation to Grand Lodge.
VII
Conclusion and summary.
VIII
What is the future of Freemasonry and what is our place in it?