Contents
It Seems To Me Dedication Address for Washington Statue
OUR MASONIC HERITAGE Masonic Library Of Harold V.B. Voorhis
The President's Corner Pennsylvania Masons Unveil Statue of Washington
Keep Out of the Wastebasket Grand Encampment Undertakes Great Expansion
Recommended Masonic Reading Dr. Thomas S. Roy Delivers Inspirational Message
Aspects of French and Swedish Freemasonry Freedom of Conscience
And The Grinders Cease Eighteenth Annual Midwest Conference
Published bimonthly at Franklin, Indiana, by
THE PHILALETHES SOCIETY
John Black Vrooman, F.P.S., Editor
Box 402, St. Louis 66, Missouri 63166
OFFICERS
Robert H. Gollmar, F.P.S., President
P.O. Box 194
Baraboo, Wisconsin 53913
William R. Denslow, F.P.S. First Vice President
P.O. Box 529
Trenton, Missouri 64683
Andrew J. White, Jr. M.P.S. Second Vice President
150 east Broad Street
Columbus, Ohio 43215
Carl R. Greisen, F.P.S., Executive Secretary
201 Masonic Temple
Omaha, Nebraska 68102
Ronald E. Heaton, F.P.S., Treasurer
728 Haws Avenue
Norristown Pennsylvania 19401
LIVING PAST PRESIDENTS
Lee E. Wells, F.P.S.
Alphonse Cerza, F.P.S. Life
Dr. Charles Gottshall Reigner, F.P.S.
ASSOCIATE EDITORS
Alphonse Cerza, F.P.S. (Life)
237 Millbridge Road
Riverside, Illinois 60546
Bob M. Stowe, M.P.S.
554 Waterman,
St. Louis, Missouri 63112
Volume XX, No. 6
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by JOHN BLACK VROOMAN, Editor
THAT we should take inventory of the aims, purposes and future activities of the Philalethes Society, and plan these activities to the exclusion of everything that is not pertinent to the reasons for which the Society came into being
The Philalethes Society, a group of Freemasons who seek more Light and who have more Light to impart, has two major objectives - to study Freemasonry, learn to find out the facts of the Craft, exchange ideas and means of working together, and last, through the Philalethes magazine, to give to interested Masons something of Masonic value, unusual Masonic facts, and information of documented and authentic value by which each of us can gain a better understanding of the teachings and precepts of Freemasonry.
Too often, in the past few years we have been urged to take a project, sponsor some Masonic precept or engage in some Masonic activity that will interest and engage our members in activity and thought.
Brethren, this is NOT the purpose of our Society, nor should we deviate from the primary purpose which stimulated our founding members to form the Society. Our first thought is, or should be, to study Freemasonry and find ways and means of not only getting a better understanding of all the principles of Freemasonry, but methods by which we can translate these Masonic principles into our daily lives, make them useful to ourselves, our neighbors and to the world.
Above all things, we must not deviate from study, research and the close personal contact among our members, which will give us realistic and tangible evidence and facts by which we can put Freemasonry to work. There is no substitute for a careful study of all the facets of the Craft, its background, development, teachings and meaning, and unless we are willing to concentrate our attention on this one job, we are going to scatter our efforts into a thin film of myriad activity by which we do many things haphazardly, but nothing really efficiently.
It is time to get to work, put aside the unessential things, get down to the task of study, research, interchange of ideas, analysis of facts, and the presentation of the essentials of Freemasonry to those who are eager for its teachings in an adequate, forceful, interesting and efficient manner.
The Philalethes magazine is the mouthpiece of the Society. In it, we must tell the world the good things of Freemasonry, the facts, ideas and interpretation of the Craft, and by this means, the manner in which each of us can be useful in counter-acting the evils of the day, the negative influences, and those things which are tearing our people apart by misunderstanding, misinformation and ignorance.
We hold a torch, which must light the World and give the impetus to a better understanding among humans. Ours is the means by which the intelligent and thoughtful Freemason may teach the meaning of Brotherhood, good will, understanding and mutual assistance.
Let's not forget the offshoots, the fringes, the selfish segments which seek to enmesh Freemasonry in controversy, dissension and unreality. Ours is a reasonable and enlightening task - to bring Light and knowledge to those who are anxiously awaiting the Light. Hold up the torch, and carry on with zeal, enthusiasm and intelligent study the means of making Freemasonry the Light of the World!
Featured in this issue . . .
IT SEEMS TO ME, Editorial, by John Black Vrooman, F P.S.
A PORTION OF DEDICATION ADDRESS AT VALLEY FORGE, by Wilber M. Brucker
KENTUCKY PHILALETHES MEET
STILL PUTTING IT OUT
WHO IS HARRY TICE?
WASHINGTON PREPARES FOR MASONIC WEEK
OUR MASONIC HERITAGE by Alphonse Cerza, F.P.S. Life
BIOGRAPHY AND MASONIC LIBRARY OF HAROLD V. B. VOORHIS by William G. Peacher.
THE PRESIDENT'S CORNER, by Judge Robert H. Gollmar, F.P.S.
PENNSYLVANIA MASONS UNVEIL STATUE OF WASHINGTON
WELCOME TO NEW MEMBERS
A BONUS IS COMING
GRAND ENCAMPMENT, K.T. ELECTS OFFICERS
RECOMMENDED MASONIC READING, by Alphonse Cerza, F.P.S., Life
INDIANA TABLE LODGE HONORS MASONIC MEN OF LETTERS.
ASPECTS OF FRENCH AND SWEDISH FREEMASONRY by Henri-John Ostiak
AND THE GRINDERS CEAS by Jerry Marsengill, M.P S.
LEST WE FORGET, by Kenneth F. Curtis, F.P.S.
EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL MIDWEST CONFERENCE ON MASONIC EDUCATION
NOW SPEAK TO US OF MASONRY, by Roger S. Brown, M.P.S.
REQUIESCAT IN PACE - McKowen - Bede
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A Portion of Dedication Address for Washington Statue at Valley Forge
by WILBER M. BRUCKER,
Past Grand Master, Grand Encampment, K.T. of the U.S.A.
The 1770's were years of burgeoning efforts by men seeking freedom. In those years, there was a veritable galaxy of stars among students of government - Franklin, Adams, Jefferson, Hamilton, Madison and a host of other luminaries. However, their acknowledged leader was George Washington, who stood out like a mountain peak - tallest among them all. Men instinctively turned to him for leadership. Washington was the one man around whom all could rally. Others had their part and were needed, but it was George Washington who held them together. LaFayette once exclaimed: "Never did I behold such a superb man!"
When the hour struck for his entrance upon the great stage of history, George Washington was ready. In 1775, he was appointed Commander in Chief of the Colonial Army and took command under the elms at Cambridge, Massachusetts. He stipulated that he was to receive no pay for his military service. He was a man on fire for his beliefs, and kindled the flame in the heart of others. For eight long years, he led the small Revolutionary Army of raw volunteers, hungry to the point of famine, ragged almost to nakedness, and lacking adequate weapons and sufficient ammunition.
Washington's leadership alone kept the loose confederation of the 13 States from breaking into pieces. There was no Chief Executive. The Continental Congress was weak and ineffective.
A century and three quarters have rolled along since those stirring days, and we face new problems of tremendous importance. America cannot afford to lose the value of lessons taught by the Father of our Country:
This statue of George Washington kneeling in prayer will be a perpetual reminder that Almighty God is the Ruler of the Universe. Uncle Sam will do well to approach modern problems on bended knee. Religion and morality are still the cornerstone of our Republic.
The essence of Washington's final success lay in his ability to bring discipline to his ragged army. He had a passion for discipline because he realized the vast difference between an army and a mob. America needs a rebirth of discipline that will outlaw mob rule and provide law and order on the streets of our cities, all across the land. Politics is no excuse for mobs. The choice is simple - either law and order, or anarchy - there is no middle ground.
America is at the crossroads. We need to revive the true spirit of patriotism as the basis of weathering the storm. The time for decision has arrived. Either we will embrace unselfish, sacrificial patriotism, or we will go the low road to crass materialism
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Still Putting It Out!
Alphonse Cerza, F.P.S., Life, is still hard at it. From the Masonic Service Association we have just received their latest DIGEST - "The Truth Is Stranger Than Fiction," by Cerza. It is a compilation of the unusual and unique in Freemasonry, and makes fascinating and enjoyable reading. Get a copy to have an evening of real joy.
On October 9, 1967, Harry Carr, Secretary of Ars Quatuor Coronati, London, England, read a paper by Al Cerza, entitled "Anti-Masonry," which he himself could not deliver. The paper will appear in the next Transactions of the Lodge.
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Kentucky Philalethes Meet;
Read Papers, Enjoy
Fellowship
Philalethes everywhere are interested in the aspects and projects of the Society, and now, more than ever, local Philalethes groups are meeting together, planning activities, enjoying fellowship, and making a better understanding of the principles of Freemasonry.
On September 17, 1967, the Kentucky Philalethes group met in Louisville, enjoyed true Masonic fellowship, heard several fine papers read, and interested a large number of Freemasons in the society.
As is customary, the group met at the time of the annual meetings of the York Rite bodies of Kentucky, the Grand Chapter, R.A.M., Grand Council, R.& S.M., and the Grand Lodge, F. & A. M. of Kentucky.
Brother DeMoville P. Jones acted as chairman, assisted by Brother William S. Conaway, and Brother Charles K. A. McGaughey, Grand Secretary-Recorder of the York Rite bodies of Kentucky coordinated the activities to provide a meeting place, all of which was greatly helpful.
After a delightful dinner, three papers were read - "The Three Kings," by William T. Smith; "The A B C D's of Masonic Leadership," by William S. Conaway, and "The Worship of the Worthless," by DeMoville P. Jones. The occasion was thoroughly enjoyed by all present, and plans are already underway for the meeting in 1968. We are proud of the Kentucky activities.
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Who IS Harry Tice?
Comments on the article in the October issue of the magazine about our good friend Harry Tice lead me to believe that too few really know who he is or what a great job he has done as Field Agent for the Masonic Service Association. Now that he has been honored by the Supreme Council, S.M.J., with the 33rd degree, let us add that his devotion to Freemasonry has been outstanding, and we again take off our hats to this dedicated Brother whose activities for the sick in the Veterans' Hospitals has been tremendous. Harry Tice is a real man, a fine Mason - congratulations, Harry Tice!
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Washington Prepares For Masonic Week
In February: Philalethes Will Participate
Masonic Week in Washington each year has become a landmark for world-wide activity in preparation for advancing the activities, plans and execution of better relations, not only among the many Masonic bodies, but for understanding of Masonic principles by the common people.
Indeed, when Masonic leaders gather in the Nation's Capital from all parts of the civilized world, and these leaders spread their mutual problems at the conference tables, the net result can only be heightening the image of Freemasonry, a better understanding of its concepts, and a more perfect interpretation of ways and means by which to better this image.
As usual, the Philalethes Society will have an important and very generous role in participation in these meetings. The membership of the Society is made up of many officers, past officers and active participants in Lodge and Grand Lodge affairs. These men are aware of the problems, and by the very nature of their activity, are in a position to give helpful and serious thought to the solution of their problems, the advancement of the Craft, and a very personal contact with those whose wisdom and experience can be invaluable in stabilizing Freemasonry.
Masonic Week, generally speaking, divides itself into the major and the minor activities of the many Masonic bodies which meet and plan their programs. Major only in that these groups are composed of national, governing groups, the Conference of Grand Masters in North America, the Conference of Grand Secretaries in North America, the George Washington Masonic National Memorial Association and the Masonic Service Association of the United States, are all concerned with national and even international coverage. Each has its own niche and special activity, and each meets in the atmosphere of co-operative advisement in the projection of ideas by which each project may be best advanced.
The so-called smaller groups, many of a strictly research and study type, special phased interests, all amalgamating into the general scheme of a better understanding of Freemasonry, meet to plan and execute ways and means of special techniques that will give impetus to study and expansion of Masonic principles. All work closely with the major lead organizations, and each is independent in its interpretation of its particular problem.
As has been customary, the past few years, the activity of Masonic Week, as far as the Philalethes Society is concerned, will start with the meeting, Friday afternoon, February 16, 1968, of the Executive Committee of the Society, all past presidents who are present, and the Editor of the Philalethes magazine.
Reports will be given by each officer, by the Editor, and plans will be drawn for the activities of the year, a budget submitted, and all other suggestions, ideas and problems probed, discussed and outlined. The net result will be the harmonizing and ratification of these plans, and the execution of all projects which have been approved. This is, indeed, a searching survey of what has been done, what can be done, and methods by which the best results can be obtained.
On Friday evening, at the Washington Hotel, 15th Street at Pennsylvania Avenue, the annual Masonic Workshop of the Philalethes will be held. This provocative meeting has been growing in interest, in attendance and in audience participation over the years. It is a Forum for consideration of topics of Masonic interest. Papers are prepared by selected men whose talent and knowledge can stimulate thought. The panelist then gives a resume of the topic discussed, and throws the floor open for general discussion.
The Chairman and Moderator for the 1968 Masonic Workshop will be Allen E. Roberts, F.P.S., an active and ardent leader in the Society. For his panel, to present papers, will be Joseph A. Batchelor, M.P.S., past Grand Master of Indiana, and chairman of the Committee on Masonic Education of that state, and Ben G. Gustafson, M.P.S., and past Grand Master of North Dakota, associated with the University of North Dakota, and most active in educational matters.
The general topic for discussion at the 1968 Masonic Workshop will be - How Can We Develop Masonic Leadership? This is a subject which has challenged the leaders of Freemasonry for many years. The men on this panel have devoted years of their lives to a study and application of these problems, and it is anticipated that what is developed at this meeting may be able, in some way, to point the way to a more practical application of the question, and find, at least, some ideas which can be used to bring interest in Masonic leadership.
Saturday and Sunday, February 17 and 18, will be taken up with the work of the Allied Masonic Degrees, the Grand College of Rites, the Knight Masons of Ireland, Societas Rosicruciana in Civitatibus Foederatis, the Society of Blue Friars, the Holy Royal Arch Knight Templar Priests, the usual breakfast of the Knights of the York Cross of Honour, and several other associated groups.
A complete program has not yet been issued, and we cannot give a definite schedule of meetings, by which exact groups will meet, but these will be completely covered in our February issue, which will be in the heads of each delegate to all the meetings.
Having completed the first group meetings by noon on Sunday, February 18, the delegates will move from the Washington Hotel, in downtown Washington, to the Shoreham Hotel, on the outskirts, where the balance of the activities of Masonic Week will take place.
Monday, February 19 and Tuesday, February 20 will be occupied by the Conference of Grand Masters in North America, and the Conference of Grand Secretaries in North America. Full programs of discussion have been set up for both groups, among the most interesting of which will be the Report of the Commission on Information for Recognition of Grand Lodges, of the Conference of Grand Masters, in which full data will be considered on requests for formal recognition of Grand Lodges, their qualifications and their backgrounds. This is always an instructive and informative meeting, and the 1968 meeting indicates no change in such interest.
A prominent speaker has been secured, both for the Grand Masters' annual banquet, and the Grand Secretaries' banquet, which usually have many government representatives, Congressmen and prominent officials present These two events are looked forward to by all who attend Masonic Week.
Wednesday, February 21 will be occupied with the annual meeting of the Masonic Service Association of the U.S., and reports of the splendid Hospital Visitation will be reviewed, as well as plans for the ensuing year outlined.
The date of Thursday, February 22, Washington's birthday, is that on which the George Washington Masonic National Memorial Association will meet at the Memorial in Alexandria, across the Potomac from Washington. This meeting will officially close the work of Masonic Week, and will bring to a close the activities of Freemasonry in consultation in the Nation's Capital. The inspiration and power of these meetings cannot be under estimated, and the cause of Freemasonry throughout the world will be boosted because of the impact of these meetings.
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by Alphonse Cerza, F.P.S., Life
6. FREEMASONRY IN THE MODERN WORLD
(Editorial Note: This article is the last of a series published this year in commemoration of the 250th Anniversary of the formation of the Grand Lodge of England, on June 24, 1717, in London, England.)
WHEN World War I began, Freemasonry was well established in most parts of the world and enjoyed an enviable reputation. With the shooting at Sarajevo, which was the spark that started the conflagration in Europe, and Elizabeth Durham wrote a book entitled The Sarajevo Crime, in which she stated that the Masons were responsible for the killing and therefore had started the war. It was later proved that she relied on forged documents which had been prepared by a "Professor Pharos," the assumed name of Father Puntigam, a Jesuit of Sarajevo.
In 1917 there were about thirty Masonic Lodges in Russia. When the Bolsheviks succeeded in taking over the country the Lodges closed their doors when the new leaders formally expressed their opposition to Freemasonry.
With the end of the war General Eric von Ludendorff organized a movement against Freemasonry by issuing proclamations, tracts, periodicals, and making talks at various places. His activity is worthy of mention solely because one of his associates was an Adolph Hitler who was later to destroy the Craft in many parts of Europe.
During the post-war period Freemasonry in English-language countries, and especially in the United States, enjoyed an unprecedented success with a large increase of members and expansion of activity. All this continued until the great depression years of the 1930's. But in some places, clouds began to form for Freemasonry.
In 1922 Mussolini and his gang marched on Rome and took over the government. Early the following year the Grand Lodge of Italy announced that the Craft could not take sides in a political issue. Shortly thereafter the Fascists issued a declaration against Freemasonry.
The Grand Lodge immediately gave permission to all Fascists who were Masons to sever their ties with the Craft. As time went on the Mussolini government became more and more anti-Masonic. By 1925 a law was enacted making the Craft illegal. A few days later the persecution of Masons started, Masonic property was confiscated, persons were charged with the crime of being a "Freemason," and the Grand Master was tried and was sentenced to five years in prison. Freemasonry went out of existence.
After the Civil War in Spain and the victory in France, laws were passed making Freemasonry illegal and membership in the Craft a crime. For years men were charged with this "crime" and were sent to jail. There has been no change to the present time.
As early as 1930 Hitler decreed that Freemasons could not be members of the Nazi party. When the Nazi party was successful in 1933 the Lodges of Germany voluntarily closed their doors. Hitler ordered the property of the Lodges to be confiscated and some buildings were converted into museums to ridicule the Craft. As Hitler took over country after country in Europe, persecution of the Masons followed. In France the job of exterminating the Masons was given to Bernard Fay, a scholar, teacher, and writer who was a rabid anti-Mason. It is claimed that he caused at least 6,000 Masons to be imprisoned and that 945 Masons were killed at his direction. After the war he was charged with many war crimes and sentenced to a long prison term.
With the coming of World War II the world was dark in many places insofar as Freemasonry was concerned. The end of the war slowly brought a return of the Craft to Germany, France, Italy and other parts of the world, except in the countries behind the Iron and Bamboo Curtains and countries such as Spain and Portugal, which had Concordats with the Roman Catholic Church making that religion the official religion of the country. This Roman Catholic Church influence has been powerful enough to make the government of these countries make the existence of the Craft illegal.
For years various Protestant Churches had sponsored an ecumenical movement to unite all Christian denominations into one Church. Until recent years the movement was ignored by the Roman Catholic Church. Vatican Council II created a change in this regard, and many hopeful Masons look forward to the softening of the attitude of this Church towards the Craft. While there are a few individual leaders in the Roman Catholic Church who take this view, the official attitude of the Church is still unchanged. The Papal Bulls have not been repealed or clarified to show a softening.
On two occasions during Vatican II the Craft entered into the discussion. One of the statements was highly inflammatory and linked the Craft with the Jews as a conspiratory group. The other time was when a Latin American prelate asked that the matter of the relationship between the Craft and the Church be re-examined, and his suggestion fell on deaf ears.
After the Council had ended, Pope Paul issued a Jubilee announcement and authorized the return of former Roman Catholics who had become Masons to return to the fold by mere confession and renunciation of the Craft rather than the formal method of filing a petition and securing special permission to return and the erasing of the excommunication. This was to remain in effect during the Jubilee period. We can look forward to no official change in the foreseeable future in view of these incidents.
Recognizing the Bolshevik threat in the world, what can we expect from this group? There is Masonic darkness in Communist controlled areas because the ideals of Freemasonry are incompatible with the principles of Communism:
Freemasonry teaches love; Communism teaches hate.
Freemasonry believes in peace; Communism sponsors conflict.
Freemasonry believes in God; Communism is atheistic.
Freemasonry glorifies the individual; Communism glorifies the Party.
Freemasonry believes in democracy; Communism is totalitarian.
Freemasonry believes in freedom; Communism means state control.
Freemasonry believes in rules under law; Communism believes in personal rule by the Party.
Freemasonry believes in Truth and Justice; Communism believes in intrigue and force.
Freemasonry believes that all things should be judged by what is best for the individual; Communism believes that all things should be judged by what is best for the Party.
As we gaze into the future we do so with confidence. Freemasonry in the past has had its good days and its bad days, but has always in some way cast its beneficial influence in the world. No organization which is founded on the principles of the Fatherhood of God and the Brotherhood of Man can long remain dormant or unsuccessful because it supplies a basic human need.
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Bibliography and Masonic Library Of Harold V.B. Voorhis
by William G. Peacher, M.D.
VOORHIS commented recently in the pages of this journal that he and Dr. William L. Cummings had possessed the largest personal contemporary Masonic libraries (19:91, October, 1966). Notes on the library of Dr. Cummings were recently published (Philalethes 20:38, 40, Apri1 1967). This article deals with the Voorhis collection and bibliography.
Voorhis is one of the most widely known and respected contemporary Masonic historians. He has been a familiar figure, organizer, and active participant at all national conventions of York and Scottish Rite (N.M.J.) and allied Masonic bodies for over thirty-five years. With Reginald V. Harris (No. 9) of Nova Scotia, he is one of the two surviving original forty Fellows (No. 15) of the Philalethes Society, formed in 1928. Voorhis' biography appeared in the Philalethes in January 1951. The current list (1967) of his membership data and honors occupies four single-spaced typewritten pages.
Some idea of Voorhis' monumental contribution to the literature can be gleaned from the following notes:
Books and Pamphlets
1931 - Arthur Edward Waite, celebrated Christian mystic. Check list of his Writings (pamphlet)
1936 - The History of Organized Rosicrucianism
1938 - The Eastern Star - the Evolution from a Rite to an Order
1940 - Negro Masonry in the United States
1944 - History of Knight Templary in New Jersey
1945 - Thumbnail Sketches of Medieval Knighthoods (pamphlet)
1951 - Facts for Freemasons
1952 - Masonic Organizations and Allied Orders
1954 - The Origin, History and Position of the Grand Lodge of France
1957 - The Knights Templar Priests
1958 - Masonic Rosicrucian Societies
1960 - The Royal Order of Scotland (pamphlet)
1960 - Our Colored Brethren (pamphlet)
1961 – New Jersey Convention Order of High Priesthood
1962 - Freemasonry in Bermuda (pamphlet)
1963 - The Order of the Red Cross of Constantine
1965 - The Story of the Scottish Rite
Books Edited
1946 - The Royal Arch by Steinmetz
1948 - Freemasonry, Its Hidden Meaning, by Steinmetz
1951 - The Builders, by Joseph Fort Newton
1953 - Masonic Addresses and Writings of Roscoe Pound
1953 - The Lost Word, Its Hidden Meaning, by Steinmetz
1954 - A Comprehensive View of Freemasonry, by Coil
1961 - Coil's Masonic Encyclopedia
Papers Written for History Committee of Supreme Council 33d
April 1951 - Count de Clermont
Morin Signatories' Lodges
Berlin Chapter of Clermont
September 1951 - Dividing of U.S.A. to Form Two Jurisdictions
Baltimore Library Yields Nothing
Morin Signatures
R. J. Lemert Library in G.W.N.M.A.
May 1952 - Duke of Leinster Document
Washington Library, A.A.S.R.
September 1952 - Eighteenth Century Documents, purchased by H.V.B.V.
Cataloging of Bordeaux Documents
Deputy and Grand Inspectors General of Masonic Rite of Perfection - Table
March 1953 - Research Lodges and Societies
Research Proceedings Scrutinized (25, 214 pages)
Deputy Inspector List
Report on Lantoine Masonic Documents
August 1953 - Cerneau Data
Examination Report on Lemert Library Catalogue
April 1954 - Microfilm Exchange with National Library of France
August 1954 - Golden Book of DeGrasse - Tilly
May 1955 - Order of Christ Ritual Report
Another Deputy Chart - brought up to date
Structure of Macoy P. & M. Supply Co.
More on the DeGrasse - Tilly Golden Book
Peter Javain
Brother Martin
Eccossais Mother Lodges
Delahogue Death Certificate
Note: The Reports of the Committee to the Supreme Council were originally drafted by H.V.B.V. and then revised by the committee.
Note: After the last meeting of the committee several short papers were compiled and sent to the Secretary (Smith). The largest was a list of all Lodges established in the West Indies.
Voorhis has prepared twelve significant historical lectures on tape which are available to appropriate Masonic organizations:
1. The Story of Cigarettes: 3D minutes
2. The Morgan Anti-Masonic Affair: 57 minutes
3. The Hiramic Legend: 38 minutes
4. The Story of the Scottish Rite: 98 minutes
5. The Masonic Apron: 30 minutes with 50 slides
6. The Making of Masons at Sight: 40 minutes
7. Notes on Some Masonic Books: 30 minutes
8. General LaFayette: 100 minutes
9. Knights of the York Cross of Honour: 66 minutes
10. Masonic Rosicrucian Society: 37 minutes
11. The Order of the Bath: 60 minutes
12. Address of Thomas Q. Ellis before A.M.D. Gr. Co. February 21, 1953: 52 minutes
Outstanding articles were written and published in the Proceedings of the Grand Commandery, K. T., of New Jersey as Grand Historian from 1948 to date. Similar papers have appeared in the Proceedings of the Grand Chapter, R.A.M., N.J., in a similar capacity from 1947 to the present.
Voorhis has written 369 articles on various Masonic subjects, the first appearing on May 18, 1925, on the History of Hiram Chapter No. 1, R. A.M. These have been bound in the Voorhis Yearbooks, Volumes I to XXXVII to date.
He has also written fifty-two papers on non-Masonic subjects, the first being published on April 28, 1911, on Wireless Telegraphy. Other subjects included: numismatics, philately, theology, theater, radio, regional and local history, genealogy, etc. Voorhis also compiled a genealogical history of his family over a period of thirty years. He is the eighth generation from Steven Coerte Van Voorhees born in Holland in 1600, died in Flatbush (Brooklyn), New York, who migrated to this country on the ship Bontehoe (Spotted Cow) in April 1660.
In summary, Voorhis' bibliography includes 369 papers on Masonry; seventeen books; editing seven monographs; twenty-eight articles on the Scottish Rite History Committee; and fifty-two non-Masonic subjects for a grand total of 473, with an additional twelve taped lectures. This is a colossal record of a lifetime's work which few can ever hope to equal. This is even more significant when it is realized that Masonry has been his hobby rather than profession.
Notes on Masonic Library of H.V.B. Voorhis
"By a curious coincidence, the first Masonic book (actually a pamphlet) I ever obtained was an illegal one (at that time) - a code or cipher of the ritual of the first symbolic degree two days after my initiation on March 20, 1920, in Mystic Brotherhood Lodge No. 21, F. & A. M., Red Bank, New Jersey." An official code book for the degrees for this Jurisdiction did not appear until 1967, and Voorhis was the one who appeared before the ritual committee and obtained their consent to enter into a contract for this issue.
Voorhis visited the Macoy Publishing and Masonic Supply Company in New York the day after he was raised on June 11, 1920, and to his amazement found hundreds of books published on Freemasonry. This was his first contact with Macoys which culminated in his becoming Vice President in 1946, an office which he still holds. He also purchased his first Masonic book at this time, Dalcho's Masonic Orations, 1808 in which he proudly inserted his bookplate, one of 250 which he had just received from a local printer.
Since that date, Voorhis has attached 1,857 such plates to the Masonic books in his library, although hundreds of Proceedings and thousands of pamphlets, brochures, programs, rituals, etc., have passed through his hands and have never been "plated."
It is worth noting that the ritualistic collections of such specialists in this field as the late William L. Cummings and Ward K. St. Clair were considerably augmented by Voorhis. This has always been a characteristic of his, to see that appropriate material was placed in the hands of interested individuals.
The actual impetus to collect Masonic books occurred shortly after being elected to his first Masonic office in 1921 when he became Secretary of Hiram Chapter No. 1, R.A.M., Red Bank, New Jersey. At that time, discussions on Masonic history with one of the older Chapter members, "a self-appointed authority" led to the discovery of discrepancies in alleged facts.
Voorhis' present working Masonic Library, including all jewels and certificates, is being bequeathed to Trenton Consistory, A.A.S.R., N.M.J., Trenton, New Jersey.
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by Robert H. Gollmar, F.P.S.
I have just completed two long and rather difficult murder trials. In one I presided without a jury and in the other I had the assistance of twelve of my peers as jurors. Somewhat beside the point may I comment that I am a great believer in the jury system. Loose comments to the contrary by some disgruntled litigants does not change my conviction that the average American makes a fine conscientious juror.
IT IS asking a great deal of a man or woman not only to leave a job, a business or a family to serve in a thankless task for inadequate pay; it is asking a great deal more when, as in a murder trial, they are locked up for two or three weeks. Yet there never was a day that these jurors were not cheerful, attentive and concerned.
Each of these cases was, as many murder trials are, a crime of passion. In one the man killed his "girl friend." In the other in a wild wave of shooting the defendant killed his wife, her teen age sister, her step father and a baby sitter. I listened as these men bared their souls, their backgrounds, and their minds. I still have difficulty in understanding how any person can have the supreme egotism to take the life of a fellow human being no matter how great the provocation. Yet these are small personal whirlpools against a larger background: the death that prowls and pants by night through our cities with its handmaidens looting and rioting; the ever larger death that reaches into every hamlet from the war that swirls through Viet Nam. Brotherhood, where have you gone?
Every member of Philalethes joins with me in congratulating our First Vice President, "Bill" Denslow, on his well earned election as Grand Master of the distinguished Grand Lodge of Missouri. We wish him a most fruitful and successful year. Father and son combinations as Grand Masters are rare indeed. Even rarer is the occasion when both father and son are outstanding nationally known Freemasons. Brother Ray: you can be proud of son, Bill even though you did not live to see this important event.
This issue will be the last one before the big, annual Philalethes workshop in Washington. How fast the hour glass flows! Last year's meeting was so successful that I can hardly hope that we may exceed it either in attendance or enthusiasm. Nevertheless, let us try to make it even bigger and better.
* * *
The movement for friendlier relations between Masons and Roman Catholics moves forward, somewhat bumpily but it moves. During the next week our area Shrine Club hosts a joint meeting with the Fourth Degree Knights of Columbus. I will speak on "What we Have in Common." Masons should always be willing and anxious to talk, discuss and meet with those having different ideas than our own. Such meetings can accomplish a great deal if we retain common sense, avoid mushy idealism on the one hand and diehard suspicion on the other.
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Pennsylvania Masons Unveil Statue of Washington at Freedoms Foundation
MORE THAN 20,000 members of the Masonic Fraternity and their families gathered at Freedoms Foundation at historic Valley Forge to unveil and dedicate a nine-foot statue of George Washington at prayer.
The Honorable Wilber M. Brucker, former Governor of Michigan and Secretary of the Army for five and a half years during the Eisenhower administration, delivered the principal dedicatory address.
Robert E. Deyoe, the Grand Master of Masons in Pennsylvania, presented the statue as a gift to Freedoms Foundation by the more than 250,000 members of the Masonic Fraternity in Pennsylvania. It was accepted by Dr. Kenneth D. Wells, Freedoms Foundation President.
After the public ceremony the Masons attended a dedication banquet and heard Dr. Wells give the dinner speech.
The imposing bronze statue overlooks the 52-acre Congressional Medal of Honor Grove at Freedoms Foundation at Valley Forge, close to the Henry Knox Building, dedicated to the patriotism of the more than 3000 Medal of Honor recipients.
Quoting from The Valley Forge Guide, 1928 edition, by the Rev. W. Herbert Burk, D.C., pp 118-119, the following narrative relates the story of Washington kneeling in prayer at Valley Forge.
"As this chapel was inspired by Washington's Prayer at Valley Forge, it will be an appropriate place in which to read the story as it has been preserved in the traditions of the descendants from Isaac Potts, who first told it. This account is taken from a paper in the handwriting of Ruth Anna, his daughter.
"In 1777, while the American Army lay at Valley Forge, a good old Quaker by the name of Potts had occasion to pass through a thick woods near headquarters. As he traversed the dark brown forest, he heard, at a distance before him, a voice which as he advanced became more fervid and interested. Approaching with slowness and circumspection, whom should he behold in a dark bower, apparently formed for the purpose, but the Commander in Chief of the Armies of the United Colonies on his knees in the act of devotion to the Ruler of the universe!
At the moment when Friend Potts, concealed by the trees, came up, Washington was interceding for his beloved country. With tones of gratitude that labored for adequate expression, he adored that exuberant goodness which, from the depth of obscurity, had exalted him to the head of a great nation, and that nation fighting at fearful odds for all the world holds dear.
"He utterly disclaimed all ability of his own for this arduous conflict; he wept at the thought of that irretrievable ruin which his mistakes might bring on his country, and with the patriot's pathos spreading the interests of unborn millions before the eye of Eternal Mercy, he implored the aid of that arm which guides the starry host. Soon as the General had finished his devotions and retired, Friend Potts returned to his house, and threw himself into a chair by the side of his wife.
"'Hegh! Isaac!' said she with tenderness, 'thee seems agitated, what's the matter?' 'Indeed, my dear,' quoth he, 'if I appear agitated 'tis no more than what I am. I have seen this day what I shall never. Till now I have thought that a Christian and a soldier were characters incompatible; but if George Washington be not a man of God, I am mistaken, and still more shall I be disappointed if God do not through him perform some great thing for this country'."
(Isaac Potts was then 27, having been married at the age of 20, at Plymouth Meeting, 6th December 1770, to Martha, daughter of Samuel and Mary (Livezy) Bolton, born May 28, 1750.)
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We reproduce here, a splendid article in the Texas Freemason, which is full of wisdom. Let's try to learn our lesson -
Someone once asked the great American business leader, David Sarnoff, why he did not enter into any of the office chatter and horseplay. He answered, "Because I am not using my mind for a wastebasket."
Not only is Sarnoff a fine example of a self-made man, but his comment in that case sets a good example for everyone, especially Masons.
In divine us our minds. God bestowed upon us the greatest wonder of all time. Using our minds for good is a great responsibility. About all our bodies are good for is to carry our minds around, and the condition of our bodies need not prevent our fully using our minds.
Franklin D. Roosevelt was an outstanding example of a brilliant mind in a damaged body. Helen Keller is another.
Each of us could talk for hours about the many people we know who use their minds effectively, but do we ever ask ourselves if we are doing as well? Are we using our minds to help others and make other lives brighter ?
Masons are urged to seek more Light. Throughout the Fraternity, development and use of the mind is one of the important goals. Are we, as Masons, making good use of our minds and finding more Light?
We may never be rich in a material way, but God gave us a great gift which no material wealth can match. It is a rich treasure which we should not allow ourselves to use for a wastebasket!
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Welcome To
New Members
We heartily welcome the following new members since publication of our last issue:
GOEBEL B. BUCHANAN, 164 Chicago Avenue, Valparaiso, Florida 32580
STEPHEN R. GREENBERG, 710 S. Wolcott Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60612
HERMAN WOLFSON, 1620 Avenue I, Brooklyn, New York 11230
JULIEN M. HODGSKIN, JR., 4797 Kingsdown Road, Dunwoody, Georgia 30043
CHESTER C. COFFIN, Canterbury Road, R.D. 3, Box 708, Milford, Delaware 19963
WILLIAM JOHN GLASSCOCK, 712 Scott, Little Rock, Arkansas 72201
DEWEY I. REBER, P. O. Box 694, Reading, Pennsylvania 19603
RICHARD D. BIRNBAUM, 1375 East 12th St., Brooklyn, New York 11230
NOHEA O. A. PECK, Rtd. 203 Yamate Cho, Naka-Ku, Yokohama, Japan, Hq. U.S. Army Japan, APO, San Francisco 96343
NORMAN N. ANDONOFF, 4952 Loughborough Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63109
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Crofts, Bell, Riegle, Avery Elected To Office; Grand Encampment Undertakes Great Expansion
John L. Crofts, Sr., was elected and installed Grand Master of the Grand Encampment, Knights Templar of the United States at the Golden Triennial of that body held in Detroit, Michigan, August 18-24, 1967. A past Grand Commander of the Grand Commandery of Iowa, he now resides in Florida where he is active in all Masonic activities. Crofts succeeds Wilber M. Brucker, of Michigan, who was Grand Master for the Triennium 1964-1967.
Other officers installed were, G. Wilbur Bell, Deputy Grand Master of Illinois, Roy W. Riegle, of Kansas, Grand Generalissimo, and Willard M. Avery, past Grand Commander of the Grand Commandery of Indiana, Grand Captain General. Avery was the editor of the Knight Templar magazine until assuming his present station.
Two circumstances enhanced the 50th - or golden Triennial of this splendid Order, first the pageantry and brilliance of the public events, including the parade, which rain did not hamper, the religious services at Cobo Arena, where thousands of Knights in full uniforms, their ladies and a huge concourse of the public were inspired by the event.
The second stimulating activity was the adhesion of the Order to a better understanding of human needs, through the Knight Templar Eye Foundation, serving all in need, without cost or aligning of race, creed or color, in bringing Light From Darkness by eye surgery and treatment, all of it made possible by an assessment on each member of the Order, by gifts, by wills, and by special activities tending to call public attention to this important function.
The Knight Templar Educational Foundation, granting loans to responsible and worthy young people who want to continue their college education, has expanded its activities until, at this time, it has been possible for a large number of responsible men and women to take advantage of the generosity of the Order, and complete their education.
These are but two of the outstanding projects of Knights Templar. Religious activities, local assistance in community affairs, better and healthier relations. both with the community and with other Masonic bodies, and a sense of enthusiasm for communal activities, has been one of the major projects of the Order.
Among the major actions taken by the Grand Encampment at this conclave was that authorizing the sending of the Knight Templar magazine to every member of the Order. This is a step forward in public relations, will allow the Grand officers to express their views, will serve as a fine contact with all members of the Order, and will, in addition, give the individual members, the state and local groups, and, in fact, a wide and versatile cross section of Knights Templar a voice in the leadership of the Order.
It was pointed out that the culmination of this effort to get the magazine sent to each Sir Knight could not be fully accomplished until well into 1969 - probably with the July issue of that year.
Each Grand Recorder will be responsible for the accumulation, revision and classification of the mailing list of his Grand Commandery, and it is evident that this is going to be a task that will take much work, and a stringent overhauling of the present mailing lists.
Other action taken at the Triennial was - a) any officer who is elected and installed, who dies in office shall be considered as having his term of office; b) the jewel of office of a Grand Commander shall be suspended from a heavy red silk cord; c) that a Commandery which fails to knight a candidate, or hold a conclave for a period of twelve months, shall be placed on probation for one year, and if continued for another twelve months, the charter may be arrested; d) elaborated on the mechanics by which to consolidate Commanderies; e) ruled that each Commandery must maintain a unit of at least six (6) members, equipped with full uniforms to be available for escort, triangle guard and drill team duty.
Not passed or approved by the Grand Encampment, was a proposal to increase the annual Eye Foundation assessment from $1.00 to $2.00 per year, and Life Sponsorships from $30.00 to $60.00. It was of special importance to the Order that the proposal that the Grand Master of the Grand Encampment be allowed to waive prerequisite membership qualification of individual petitioners for the Orders of Templary. This, it would seem, left intact the original principle that Templary is a part of the whole organization of the York Rite of Freemasonry, and that this status must not be changed.
Other minor amendments, after considerable discussion, were withdrawn, leaving, at the end of the sessions, a feeling that, with a few exceptions, the Triennial was one of harmony and understanding. That a few persons endeavored to insert matters of controversy and turmoil, is one of the things that always accompanies the meeting of such a large group as this, but in all cases, the wiser minds prevailed, and common sense took over.
All in all, it was an outstanding and monumental example of the spirit of good will.
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Dr. James Carter Named
Fellow of the Society
Announcement has been made by Harold V.B. Voorhis, F.P.S., Life, chairman of Committee on Fellows, of the election as a Fellow of Dr. James D. Carter, Librarian of the Supreme Council, Scottish Rite, S.M.J., and outstanding Masonic student, writer and historian. Dr. Carter takes the place of Allister J. McKowen, F.P.S., recently deceased.
It was only a few months ago that Dr. Carter was honored by the Supreme Council by being designated Grand Cross, 33rd degree, an honor given to few men. His historical and research activities have been of the highest type, and his recent Volume II of the History of the Supreme Council is a highly-accurate and interesting contribution.
WITH THIS ISSUE YOU WILL GET
A BONUS
The Oration of Louis L. William, Grand Orator of Illinois - read it. It is a wonderful piece of literature.
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BY ALPHONSE CERZA, F.P.S. (Life), Illinois
Volume 2 of the History of the Scottish Rite, Southern Masonic Jurisdiction is now available. This beautifully printed and bound volume of almost 500 pages, has a complete bibliography, a detailed index, important appendices, and many pictures of persons, places, and documents. This volume covers the years 1861-1891. The dust jacket has a picture of Charleston, South Carolina, after the war in 1865; it is symbolical of the tough condition of the Scottish Rite at that time. The years covered by this volume were troubled years with many serious problems; but by the end of the period the Rite was on a solid foundation chiefly through the efforts of the great Albert Pike. The author presents all the known facts bearing on the subject. Much information is new to Masonic readers because the author researched new sources and found letters and other documents never examined before. The scholar in search of further light will find adequate footnotes leading him to additional details.
The author of this volume is Dr. James D. Carter, a well known librarian and historian. A professionally trained historian and a teacher for many years, he has a number of general history and Masonic books to his credit. A Master of his Lodge, the first Master of the Texas Lodge of Research, and his general educational background linked with a most engaging style makes this a volume one to read and re-read over the years. The fact that many documents are reproduced in full makes this a treasure house and source book on the subject, and is highly recommended. We look forward to the volume that is to follow.
Available at $6.00 a volume, from the Supreme Council 33d, 1733 Sixteenth Street, N. W., Washington D. C. 20009.
* * *
On page 38 of the September, 1967 issue of the New Age magazine there is reproduced a copy of the Letters of Administration of the estate of Stephen Morin indicating that he died prior to January 23, 1772. This date is significant because it solves an old mystery of whether Morin had any part in transmitting to America the Grand Constitutions of 1786. This valuable document was discovered under the guidance of Dr. Carter (mentioned above) and further searches are being made in Jamaica.
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"Rousseau and Revolution," by Will Durant, is volume 10 of his Story of Civilization, started forty years ago. This volume covers the "Seven Years" War (1756-1763) and ends with the storming of the Bastille in 1789. In a clear style with pertinent observations made in descriptive phrases he presents sketches of the great men of the period as well as the most important events. Social conditions are adequately described. Significantly Freemasonry is mentioned in a number of places. Too often general histories overlook the Craft; and likewise Masonic historians overlook matters of general history; both views are in error as Freemasonry does not exist in a vacuum but is a part of everyday life. One example of an event of Masonic interest in this volume is the short treatment of Cagliostro, the charlatan, which is stated in a colorful manner.
Available at $15.00 a volume from Simon & Schuster, Inc., 630 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10020.
* * *
"So Spoke the Master" is the title of a booklet containing a pronouncing dictionary of Masonic words. It covers words found in the symbolical Lodge degrees but also in the various appendant bodies.
Available at $4.00 a copy from Lyman E. Smith, Secretary, P. O. Box 1158, Helena, Montana, 59601.
This booklet was published under the auspices of the Scottish Rite Committee on Publications. Also available from this committee (through Brother Lyman E. Smith) are: "Selected Readings of Morals and Dogma" and "Out of the Blue" at $1.00 a copy.
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The Lodge of Research No. 104, of Atlanta, Georgia, has published a brochure entitled "Masonic Apron Unites the Blue and the Gray," a heart-warming story bridging the years since the war of 1860.
Available from Brother William W. Daniel, Secretary, 1501 Fulton National Bank Building, Atlanta, Georgia, 30303, at $1.00 a copy.
* * *
The Missouri Lodge of Research advises me at the time of this writing that the second volume of Coil's history book of the Craft will be mailed before the end of the year to all members. If you have not secured your copy of volume one it is recommended that you send ten dollars to Brother A.W. Griffith, Secretary, 301 West Fifth Avenue, Fulton, Missouri 65251 and ask him to make your membership retroactive to the year 1966; this will bring you both volumes of the history.
Better still ask him to enrole you as a permanent member. To members for the next few years many valuable volumes are in the making. A possible "bonus" book next year is one by our distinguished Brother the Reverend Forrest Haggard, who is working at present on a manuscript on a vital subject relating to the Craft and religion.
* * *
For some five years Brother Jerry Erikson, of Los Angeles, California, has been gathering material on Congressmen and their Masonic affiliation. The material is so comprehensive that it will take two volumes of transactions; accordingly, the volumes for 1968 and 1969 issued by the Lodge are expected to be biographical sketches of Congressmen who have been Masons.
* * *
If you are a member of the Missouri Lodge of Research you have already received your copy of "Masonic Review," by Brother Bruce Hunt, which is a compact summary of Masonic events around the world. The author does a very fine job in presenting in capsule form events, stories, Grand Lodge action, etc. of interest to Masons in the world.
* * *
Brother Jerry Erikson, the tireless researcher, has worked at locating football players of note who have been Masons. The result "Fraternal Footballers" has been published in the Fall, 1967 issue of the Royal Arch Mason. Reprints are available from the author, P. O. Box 424, Pico Rivera, California at fifteen cents a copy; still available at the same price is the list of Baseball Players who have been Masons.
* * *
The National Geographic Society has published a beautifully illustrated book entitled "Everyday Life in Bible Times," a cloth bound book of 448 pages, with over 500 pictures, many in color, and a dozen pages of maps.
Available at $10.35 a copy from the National Geographic Society, Washington, D.C. 20036.
* * *
The year 1968 promises to be a fruitful year for Masonic readers. The full scale history of the Craft in Indiana, by that skillful writer, Brother Dwight L. Smith, will be released January 12 of the coming year. The second volume of the history of the Craft in Michigan is expected to be ready next year. Brother Louis L. Williams, of Bloomington, Illinois, has been working on a history of the Masonic ritual; the manuscript is expected to go to the printer about the month of June and the book will be ready during the summer or early Fall; it will be the first full scale history of the Masonic ritual; the author is an able writer and researcher and the book will be a "must" for every Mason's library. Those attending the Grand Lodge of Illinois in October heard the Oration of Brother Williams which is a very brief outline of the subject. A copy of this Oration is being secured for the members of the Philalethes Society and is a part of the mailing of this issue.
* * *
In the month of September the Masonic Service Association issued a Digest entitled "The Truth is Stranger Than Fiction." It is a collection of unusual events, personal experience, and misinformation of interest to Masons. Available from the Association, at one dollar a copy; 700 Tenth Street, N. W., Washington. D. C.
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Indiana Great Table Lodge Honors Men of Letters: Dr. Thomas S. Roy Delivers Inspirational Message
One hundred and eighty-six years ago, in inland Scotland, was made a Freemason one of the outstanding men of his time. In early October, Robert Burns, poet, humanitarian and lover of the common folk, was raised to the Sublime Degree of Master Mason, in St. David's Lodge, Tarbolton, and as a part of the commemoration of the one hundred fiftieth anniversary of the Grand Lodge of Indiana, a special meeting was held in the beautiful Masonic Temple at Crawfordsville, Indiana, to pay honor to the Men of Letters of Freemasonry.
Particularly appropriate in the site of the meeting, was the fact that Crawfordsville has always been known as the "Athens of Indiana"; the home and Masonic affiliation of General Lew Wallace, famous Civil War general, public servant and author of Ben Hur, a novel widelyread and much appreciated.
A graduate in the class of 1861 of Wabash College, at Crawfordsville, General Wallace returned from the War to receive his degree, and to engage in literary activity, and later enter public life. A former member of Fountain Lodge No. 60, at Covington, Indiana, and later demitted to become a member of Montgomery Lodge No. 50, Crawfordsville, where he remained a member the rest of his life.
Other prominent literary lights had their habitat in this small Indiana town, which has an atmosphere of culture and old-time eagerness for knowledge.
Prior to the fine dinner and program, which was participated in by a capacity crowd, the guests, the members of the Grand Lodge, and other visitors were taken to the campus of Wabash College to see the splendid college grounds and facilities. A parade was formed at the Masonic Temple, led by the famous Scottish Highlanders of Murat Temple of the Shrine, from Indianapolis, and at the entrance to the college, a large number of Masonic books and other interesting material were presented to Dr. Paul W. Cook, Jr., President of the college, for the college Library. The presentation was made by Most Worshipful Brother John L. Bloxsome, Grand Master of Masons in Indiana.
Returning to the Masonic Temple, the members and visitors ate a splendid meal, served by the Ladies of the Eastern Star, after which the program was presented. The ancient Table Lodge ritual was followed, as exemplified by the Grand Lodge of Indiana, with each station taken by a Freemason especially trained in this art - the net result, with the several Toasts, proposed and drunk by all the Brethren, and the singing of appropriate odes, marked a very colorful and interesting practice.
M.W. Dwight L. Smith, Grand Secretary, and chairman of the Sesquicentennial Commission of the Grand Lodge, introduced the speaker of the day, one of Freemasonry's outstanding orators and public speakers, and often referred to as the Demosthenes of Freemasonry, Dr. Thomas Sherrard Roy, Past Grand Master of Masons in Massachusetts.
At the conclusion of his splendid address, Dr. Roy was presented with the Caleb B. Smith, award, of the Grand Lodge of Indiana, by the Grand Master, M.W. Brother John L. Bloxsome.
Dwelling on the Masonic activities of Robert Burns, his activity as Masonic Poet-Laureate, and mentioning his tremendous literary contributions, the speaker also spoke of other Masonic literary lights - Kipling, Wallace, Daniel Defoe, Lessing, Goethe and many others.
Following the address, M.W. Brother John L. Bloxsome, Grand Master of Masons in Indiana, gave an inspiring greeting to all present, and made the comment that it was always good when Freemasons could meet together and enjoy Masonic fellowship.
Present for the occasion, were most of the line officers of the Grand Lodge of Indiana, as well as a large number of Past Grand Masters, all of whom added dignity to the meeting. The arrangements were of the finest type, and the Master and officers of Montgomery Lodge No. 50, did a splendid job of programming. Although an accurate count of those present was not kept, it is estimated that two hundred or more Brethren took advantage of the opportunity to break bread and participate in the interesting ceremonies of the Great Table Lodge.
It was the pleasure of your Editor to be present, not only as a tribute to the wonderful event celebrated, but as a former member of Montgomery Lodge No. 50, where he was raised a Master Mason more than forty-six years ago. A return to old habitats is often a stimulus to great Masonic activity.
This meeting, one of many, is a cooperative effort by the Grand Lodge of Indiana to effectively celebrate a century and a half of Masonic activity, and is being done in a splendid manner.
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Aspects of French and Swedish Freemasonry
by Henri-John Ostiak
THE celebration of the formation of the Grand Lodge of England on June 24, 1717, affords us an opportunity to consider what happened in France in those early days. Even if we have reason to believe that there existed a Lodge at Dunkirkas early as 1721, the first record of a Lodge is from 1725, the so-called Derwenter Lodge of Paris. This was two years after Anderson's Constitutions of 1723 and eight years after the establishment of the so-called Grand Lodge of 1717 by four London Lodges. The first Grand Lodge of France was probably founded in 1728, based on the Constitutions brought across the channel by the Duke of Wharton, the first Grand Master of France, followed by Maclean and then by Derwenter.
Swedish Masonry owes its origin in France for a copy of the Constitutions was given to a Swedish citizen, Baron Scheffer, in Paris, in 1737, together with an authority from Derwenter, Grand Master of Masons of France, to constitute Lodges in Sweden. This document is one of the most treasured items in the archives of the Grand Lodge of Sweden. Baron Schemer and Count Sparre, of Sweden, were entered, passed and raised in the Paris Lodge. Later Count Sparre took the lead in forming the first Lodge of St. John in Stockholm in 1735, which was later named "Den nordiska Forsta" (meaning The First Northern).
The French Lodges became responsible for spreading Masonry not only in Norway, Iceland and Sweden, but also in spreading most of the so-called higher degrees. It is worthy of note that Marshal Bernadotte, later to become King Charles XIV, of Sweden and Norway, was made a member in France. The then King of Sweden (Charles XIII) conferred on him the Freemasons' highest degree "Knight Charles XIII" and made him his Deputy in the Grand Lodge of Sweden. When Charles XIII died in 1818, Bernadotte, as King Charles XIV, took over the leadership as the Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Sweden. Today you can see the statue of Bernadotte, Frenchman, Freemason, King of Sweden and Norway, in front of the royal palace in Oslo overlooking the main street bearing his name "Karl Johan."
French Freemasonry is deeply concerned with the esoteric essence of the Order and is far-reaching in its quest towards the spirit of initiation. French Masons are eager to enter the metaphysical temple, based on the study of comparative religions, mythology, symbology, the Scriptures of the world, symbolic, numerology, archetypes, hermitism and the Kabbalah as well as other disciplines.
Although only a few reach these intellectual and spiritual aims there are two main reasons for the limited number of Masons in France. First, the ban of the Roman Catholic Church; and, second, a prevailing anti-Masonic feeling. However, there are six or seven Grand Lodges in France, totaling approximately 50,000 members, of which less than 4,000 belong to the Grande Loge Nationale Francaise/Neuilly. And there is also co-masonry (lodges of men and women), lodges for women only, para-masonic, and others too numerous to mention. One group that does not exist anywhere else is the "Compagnonnage" or Guild of operative craftsmen ( Compagnon in the Masonic terminology means Fellow Craft) which has been active since the Middle Ages. It has its own ritual, history and regulations.
The Swedish Rite is proud of its uniformity of ritual, which is the same in all Lodges. Continental Freemasonry has a diversity of rituals and rites. The workings are not the same in England, Scotland, Ireland, France or the United States.
In France we are careful not to disclose our Masonic membership. We have no printed list of members like the Norwegian directory. I always use a pseudonym to safeguard my identity when writing articles and reviews in the French language. But a great deal of English and French literature is available to anyone interested in Freemasonry, its history, its philosophy, and its rituals. This creates an atmosphere of understanding which is needed by non-members.
(The above is a summary of a talk given on October 25, 1966, before the international Square and Compass Club of Norway, which meets in Oslo. A copy of this folk was mailed to Brother Alphonse Cerza, F.P.S. (Life), by Brother Jean Heineman, of Oslo. The summary was prepared by Brother Cerza.)
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by Morry Salwinsky, M.P.S.
Though Moses Michael Hays is best known as the founder of the Scottish Rite of Masonry in America, perhaps more important, he was one in the long line of patriots who struck a blow for freedom of conscience.
Born in New York in 1739, Hays moved to Newport, Rhode Island, shortly before the Revolution. In 1776, Hays' loyalty to the American cause was impugned, and he was asked to sign a loyalty oath. With a courage rare for the times, when hysteria and suspicion ran wild, Hays demanded to be confronted by his accusers.
In an eloquent petition to the Rhode Island General Assembly, Hays refused to sign the oath. It was unconstitutional he held. Furthermore, he pointed out, since Jews could not vote, the oath was discriminatory. He prevailed: no one ever again doubted his loyalty.
After the Revolution, Hays settled in Boston, where he soon made his mark in business, chiefly as a maritime insurance broker. He helped found Boston's first bank, today known as the First National Bank of Boston.
To his home came many of the notables of the day, including Senator Harrison Otis and Ezra Styles, president of Yale. Hays, a Federalist, sought public office but was swamped by the rising tide of Jeffersonian Republicanism.
However, as Deputy Inspector-General of Scottish Rite Masonry for North America, Hays achieved the eminence he missed in public life. For four years he was Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts. Paul Revere was his Deputy.
Moses Michael Hays died in 1805.
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by Jerry Marsengill, M.P.S.
In the August 1967 issue of the Philalethes magazine there is an article by Bro. Henry L. Zelchenko, M.P,.S., Florida, entitled "The Golden Bowl and the Silver Cord," in which the author comments on the meaning of the 12 chapter of Ecclesiastes. He states that early Masonic writers interpreted this chapter as a reference to the deterioration of the body and the inevitable death. To support his views he quotes Dr. A. G. Mackey and his interpretation of the verses as referring to the infirmities of the body. He also uses H. L. Haywood's beautiful analogy of the thunderstorm of Palestine and the allegory of death supposedly contained therein.
On the same page (76) Bro. Harold N. Painter, M.P.S., Missouri, has an article entitled, "The Roots Are Deep," in which he refers to the antiquity of Freemasonry and compares the legend of the Master Builder with the legend of Osiris.
Is it not possible to carry Brother Painter's analogy a step further and correlate the legend of the Master Builder with the central figure in all of the ancient mysteries, the god who must die and then be resurrected, in order that his worshippers may be fed with his own body?
This is the first type of religion, the ancient fertility religion wherein the god represents the seed which is planted in the earth and in turn represents the grain which is produced from the earth at the harvest. In this religion the god thus becomes his own father and eventually this form of religion gives rise to a long line of semi-divine Priest Kings.
In this theology the goddess is the old earth-mother Ishtar, Isis, Ninti, Aphrodite, or Merriam, anglicized Mary as the various religions or mysteries have called her. In this case the goddess represents the mother earth. The basis for all these religions or mysteries is that the god must be slain for the benefit of his worshippers and in return is resurrected that the faithful, through his mediation, may live. To carry the association further, we can use this allegory as a basis for a belief in bodily resurrection.
Now, equating the central figure of Hiram Abif with that of the chief character in the ancient mysteries, Osiris, Tammuz, Adonis, Dionysus, Odin Jesus. or whichever one we may wish to typify we find nothing at all unusual in the ceremonies of our third degree which represents the mystery of our Order. This degree begins with the hymn which is contained in the twelfth chapter of Ecclesiastes.
Considering this degree in the light of one of the mysteries and following the same chain of reasoning which we have heretofore postulated, it seems fairly apparent that this hymn or dirge is an appropriate selection for the theme of one of the mysteries.
Let us therefore approach the 12th chapter of Ecclesiastes from this point of view and see how each of the verses fits into the mystery of the third degree.
Let us correlate the mystery of Hiram Abif with the mystery of Tammuz or Adonis (LORD) as he is sometimes called.
We could as well use Osiris, Odin, Dionysus, Jesus, or any other central character in the mysteries but Tammuz is probably the figure of the mysteries best known to Freemasons as it is the mysteries of Tammuz which are mentioned in the old testament. "Then he brought me to the door of the gate of the Lord's house which was toward the north; and, behold, there sat women weeping for Tammuz." (Ezekiel 8:14.) Although this instance took place long after the time of King Solomon, we also find many instances in the Bible where the Israelites, as well as Solomon himself, joined in the worship of strange gods.
In order to compare the figures of Hiram and Tammuz we must first examine the legend of Tammuz and see how our figure of the Master Builder can be substituted therein.
"In the religious literature of Babylonia, Tammuz appears as the youthful spouse or lover of Ishtar, the great mother goddess, the embodiment of the reproductive energies of nature. The references to their connection with each other in myth and ritual are both fragmentary and obscure, but we gather from them that every year Tammuz was believed to die, passing away from the cheerful earth to the gloomy subterranean world, and that every year his divine mistress journeyed in quest of him to the land from which there is no returning, to the house of darkness. where dust lies on door and bolt. During her absence the passion of love ceased to operate: men and beasts alike forgot to reproduce their kinds: All life was threatened with extinction . . .
The stern queen of the infernal regions . . . reluctantly allowed Ishtar to be sprinkled with the water of Life and to depart, in company probably with her lover Tammuz, that the two might return together to the upper world and that, with their return all nature might revive." (Sir James George Frazer, The Golden Bough the MacMillan Company, 1951.)
Thus, regarding Tammuz as the spirit of the grain, or the corn god, and supposing the legend of Hiram Abif to be one of the slain god mysteries, which is not at all unlikely considering the points of similarity, let us examine the 12th chapter of Ecclesiastes as if it were a hymn to, or a dirge for, the slain god.
"Remember now thy Creator in the days of thy youth, while the evil days come not, nor the years draw nigh, when thou shalt say, I have no pleasure in them." Remember that while the green grain is growing that now is the time to give praise to the lord (i.e. Tammuz) before the time comes when he must depart.
"While the sun or the light, or the moon, or the stars, be not darkened, nor the clouds return after the rain."
While there is still light upon the earth, before the darkness comes following the death and departure of the god. (i.e. Tammuz or Hiram.)
"In the day when the keepers of the house shall tremble, and the strong men shall bow themselves, and the grinders cease because they are few, and those that look out of the windows be darkened."
The keepers of the house, or guardians of the Temple of Tammuz, shall tremble as the time of the death of their god has come, and perhaps as his representatives their own as well. And the strong men shall bow themselves, in awe and worship. And the grinders shall cease because it is the time of the planting of the old grain and the mills shall not grind. And those that look out of the windows shall be darkened, for the mourners of Tammuz remain within their houses.
"And the doors shall be shut in the streets, when the sound of the grinding is low, and he shall rise up at the voice of the bird, and all the daughters of music shall be brought low."
They shall be afraid of that which is high, the high places where Ishtar is worshipped (II Kings 23:13, which Solomon himself built to Ishtar or Ashtoreth), and fears of Tammuz not returning shall be in the way. The almond tree shall indeed flourish, for it bears bitter fruit. The grasshopper, which may possibly eat the new grain, i.e., the body of the god, shall be a burden. Desire shall fail, because the loss of all desire is apart of the legend.
Man goeth to his long home, i.e., Tammuz is buried in the same barrow year after year, as in later times. Quetzalcoatl was buried by the worshippers in the new world, and his mourners go about the streets.
"Or ever the silver cord be loosed, or the golden bowl be broken, or the pitcher be broken at the fountain, or the wheel broken at the cistern, Then shall the dust return to the earth as it was, and the spirit shall return unto God who gave it."
If the cord be loosed, that which draws Tammuz back to the upperworld, then he may not return. If the golden bowl be broken, i.e., if the sun does not provide the right amount of warmth.
If the pitcher is broken at the fountain or the waterwheel broken at the cistern, the water will be in short supply.
If these occurred then the resurrection of Tammuz would not come to pass, the grain would not sprout and would return to dust.
The last line however, shows the basis for belief in resurrection of the spirit or soul, the spirit shall return unto God who gave it.
A comparison can be drawn here between the rebirth of the grain from the ground, and the rebirth of the spirit from having the body placed in the ground. Scanning this scripture in this light, and considering that Ecclesiastes is usually attributed to Solomon, most probably erroneously, we can still feel that, whoever this unknown author may be, in composing this hymn to a pagan god, he has shown more connection between the beginnings of Freemasonry and the Temple of Solomon than we will normally admit exist.
The doors shall remain shut while the new grain, the body of the god, is being first bruised by the mills, probably operated by the priests of Tammuz.
He, that is to say the god, shall rise up, the green grain shall sprout in the morning at the voice of the bird, but before it has done so all the daughters of music (probably the same term as daughters of joy, ladies of the evening, etc). Used in this connection it most probably refers to the Temple prostitutes who were used in the worship of Ishtar. They are also mentioned in the Bible as being beside the Temple of Solomon (II Kings 23:7). Because Tammuz has departed all sexual desire between men, and animals as well, has ceased.
"Also, when they shall be afraid of that which is high, and fear shall be in the way, and the almond tree shall flourish, and the grasshopper shall be a burden, and desire shall fail, because man goeth to his long home, and the mourners go about the streets."
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Lest We Forget
The year of 1967 is rapidly drawing to a close and our time for obtaining new members is very limited.
These few words are a reminder to all who constitute our Society for their assistance is urgently needed by the Membership Committee. Brethren, we would like a reasonable number of recommendations of interested Masons for nomination by your Membership Committee.
We have over one thousand members, surely that number should be able to contribute, at least, one hundred prospects to the Membership Committee for processing.
You are all aware we must fill the vacancies that occur each year - this is a necessity and the fact is - it is our life-line for retaining a desired membership level.
We hope you will find a little time and act now by filling our mailbox with lists of worthy Masons who are interested in the up-to-date knowledge in our publication, the Philalethes.
All we require is the prospect's name and address and we will follow-up by nominating him in your name. In this you will help him towards a fund of greater Masonic knowledge and contribute a bit to your Society. Send your contributions to the following address:
Kenneth F. Curtis, F.P.S.,
Chairman M.C., P.S.
2455 Raeford Road,
Orlando, Florida 32806
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Eighteenth Annual Midwest Conference Has Instructive And Interesting Presentation
The eighteenth annual Midwest Conference on Masonic Education, meeting at the beautiful Scottish Rite Cathedral, Indianapolis, Indiana, Thursday, Friday and Saturday, October 12-13 and 14, 1967, presented one of the most practical and interesting programs of that group for many years past.
Meeting for a social hour, restoration and preliminary meetings at the Indianapolis Athletic Club on Thursday evening, the group laid out the fundamental projects of the program, enjoyed fellowship with the old members and acquaintance with the new delegates, then adjourned to start a busy schedule on Friday morning, at the Scottish Rite Cathedral.
Opened right on time by Lewis C. "Wes" Cook, chairman of the Committee on Masonic Education of Missouri, and President of the Conference, the invocation was given by M.W. Brother Steven Miller, P.G.M. of Indiana, after which the word of welcome was extended by M.W. Brother John L. Bloxsome, Grand Master of Masons in Indiana. The response was given by M.W. Brother Harold O. Grauel, past Grand Master of Masons in Missouri, in place of M.W. Brother William R. Denslow, Grand Master, who was unable to be at the meeting.
The first section of the program, presided over by Roger Brown, South Dakota, Vice President of the Conference, was an interesting paper - "The Communications Dilemma," by Lewis C. "Wes" Cook, of Missouri, in which he outlined the sketchy methods in current transmittal of ideas between interested Freemasons, and suggested more practical ways of solving the problem.
Several took part in the open discussion which followed, and after a coffee break, Joseph A. Batchelor, chairman of the Committee on Masonic Education, and Richard E. Hickam, a member of the committee, gave a most interesting dissertation, in dialogue form, on "The Lecture Technique - Perils and Possibilities." This reversed the usual standard approach of fact, presentation and right-presentation, and took the negative, or possibly the absurd or impractical stance.
What not to do or say, seemed to be the theme of the panelists, and the impression gained from this dramatic demonstration was that there can be no substitute for wrong-doing, but Freemasons must carefully and conscientiously avoid those things which will dull the appetite and make illogical things a barrier to good Masonic understanding. This was one of the outstanding presentations of the conference.
Under the direction of the Michigan Committee on Masonic Education, the Brethren were shown, in a similar vein, some of the must nots of Masonic usage and practice. Many things which are not done in Masonic Lodges were carefully demonstrated and explained, and the practical value of such an accepted procedure was received with great enthusiasm.
"We Made A Film," a narrative by Brother George Madden, of Indiana, told the story of how the Grand Lodge of Indiana, celebrating its 150th anniversary, produced and presented a film to show the birth, growth and development of Freemasonry in the State of Indiana. It was most interesting, especially, since the film was shown to the delegates and their ladies at the evening banquet of the group.
Leading a discussion on "How To Detect Potential (Masonic) Leadership, R.W. Brother William H. Chapman, Junior Grand Warden of the Grand Lodge of Missouri threw out some practical and helpful ideas on the subject.
It was on this subject that the conference enjoyed one of the finest audience-participations that has been seen in recent meetings. It was an evidence of the interest of Freemasonry in leadership, and a very fine demonstration of the desire of Freemasons to do something about it.
"Educational Counseling Service for Lodges" was the subject of discussion covered by Howard Hunter, of Nebraska, a past President of the Conference, and again, the audience took an active part in the discussion which followed.
'Dwight L. Smith, past Grand Master and Grand Secretary of the Grand Lodge of Indiana gave one of the outstanding papers of the whole conference, taking as his subject "Part of the Problem and Part of the Answer." Dwight Smith, when he talks, has a special way of presenting his subject, and the audience was held spellbound by the logic of his talk. It was something that was highly appreciated by everyone present.
A breakfast for the delegates and their ladies was the first item on the agenda Saturday morning, followed by a personally conducted tour of the beautiful Cathedral. This is a marvelous building, has every facility for the use of its members, and is well adapted for all Masonic functions.
Alphonse Cerza, whose pertinent presentation and "Review of Masonic Books and Periodicals" was unable to attend the conference, he having just been named Grand Orator of the Grand Lodge of Illinois at its closing session a day or so previously, and his report, or paper, was read by Brother Chester Steele, chairman of the Illinois Committee. It was adequate, complete and well-received.
Brother C.C. Faulkner, administrative assistant to the Grand Secretary of Indiana, gave a splendid paper - "Planning for Anniversaries." Being in the midst of the 150th anniversary of the Grand Lodge of Indiana, his remarks were pointed, practical and effective, and gave food for thought to others who may in the future, need to plan such events.
The final talk was given by M.W. Brother Clyde E. Hegman, of Minnesota, past president of the Conference, and substituting for Brother John D. Cunningham, Executive Secretary Emeritus of the Masonic Service Association, who was unable to attend. The topic of Brother Hegman's talk was "Motivating Masons," and was inspirational and instructive.
Roger Brown, South Dakota, was elected President, Ted Zacharias, Iowa, the competent manipulator of the recorder for many years, was elected Vice President, and the infallible and reliable Dawson Grim, also of Iowa, was re-elected Secretary-Treasurer. Louis Sylvester, past Grand Master of Nebraska, headed the program committee, assisted by Glen Edsall, of Michigan, and Charles Boughton, of Minnesota. The 1968 conference will meet in Grand Rapids, Michigan, in mid-October, with the probability that the 1969 and 1970 conference sessions will be in Wichita, Kansas, and St. Louis, Missouri, respectively.
IF YOU ARE MOVING, please send your change of address to The Philalethes, P. O. Box 58, Franklin, Indiana 46131. Include your old address as well as your new.
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by ROGER S. BROWN, M.P.S.
And when the labor of the day was ended and evening had come, they gathered on a high hill and having placed one of the guild of tylers to guard against the approach of cowans and eavesdroppers, they seated the Oldest Master in the chair. Then the others gathered at his feet saying, "Tell us of our great free order of masons."
And he said, "What wilt thou?" and one said, "Now speak to us of the Lodge."
He answered, saying, "Verily, the Lodge is as a mother. She giveth us birth by bringing us from darkness unto light. She provideth us instruction, mete to our youth, and training in the art of character building and manhood. She feedeth our bodies with the milk of human kindness. She causeth our soul to know of the Fatherhood of God. She teacheth each of us as a Brother. She loveth no one more than another but putteth each on the same level. None to her is a stranger. She is a sanctuary for the weary. A wholesome, guiding light. She demandeth little but giveth much. Verily, she is a mother."
Then another said, "Speak to us of the lesser lights."
And he said, "Anciently the sun was thought to rule the day and at nighttime the moon assumed this duty by governance of the time of darkness. To the Master of the Lodge is given the task of ruling and governing his Lodge both day and night. Placed in a triangular position are the lesser lights. Viewed from any side one taper always appears to be centrally placed. This one would guide our steps in the search for truth while those on either side would keep our steps from straying too far either to the right or to the left. Regard well the lesser lights, my Brothers."
Then one said, "What of truth?"
And he answered, saying, "Lo, truth is like unto a bright star by which the seafaring man steers his course. It shines constantly, if he will but look for it yet he cannot grasp it nor can he examine it closely. It is nothing that he can take in the palm of his hand and say it is thus and so. Yet he hath faith that it will lead him safely to the end of his voyage. So is truth like unto a guiding star which, if followed in faith, will never lead us to the right or to the left along the path of righteousness.
Truth is much to be desired by the earnest craftsman."
Yet another said, "What is the choice among wealth, power and wisdom?"
And he answered, saying, "Three wayfarers in ancient times in a faraway country rescued an all-knowing man from a dire situation. Being possessed of strange powers he granted each one a desire as a reward. The first chose wealth, the second power and the third wisdom, unbelieving the powers of the stranger. In after years the first became possessed of great wealth. He bought his position, his friends and his pleasures and he was beholden to none. As time went on his wealth went from him, and his position, friends and pleasures deserted him leaving him worse off than before. The second man gained great power. He held control over the lives of many of his fellowmen and in their hearts they hated him. In time his power faded but not the hatred leaving him more destitute than before. The third gained great wisdom. He understood life. He understood the birds and the beasts and the whys and wherefores of all things. None could take his wisdom from him for his was the wisdom of the heart. Unto him was rendered much power which he exercised wisely for the good of all. And unto him came great wealth which he shared with others. Verily wisdom is to be desired above all things."
Others clamored to ask him more of the teachings of the Craft but he stilled them saying, "Know ye not that an over-abundance of talk is confusing? Ponder upon what ye have heard and go thy ways in peace."
from The Bulletin Masonic Relief Assn. of the United States and Canada
WE'RE SORRY!
Owing to circumstances beyond our control, the feature - "Notes and Queries" - will not appear this month. Look for a resumption of this feature in the February issue.
Requiescat In Pace
ALLISTER J. McKOWEN, F.P.S.
ELBERT BEDE, F.P.S.
(President of the Philalethes, Triennium 1960-1961-1962.)